如何修复“意外元素< queries>"在< manifest>"中找到错误? [英] How to fix "unexpected element <queries> found in <manifest>" error?

问题描述

突然之间，我的Android项目中出现了此构建错误:

All of a sudden, I am getting this build error in my Android project:

unexpected element <queries> found in <manifest>

我该如何解决?

推荐答案

Android Gradle插件需要了解新的清单元素，尤其是用于清单合并过程.如果插件有混淆的趋势，看到清单合并中无法识别的元素，将其扔掉出现类似问题中的错误.

The Android Gradle Plugin needs to know about new manifest elements, particularly for the manifest merger process. The plugin has a tendency to get confused if it sees elements in the manifest merger that it does not recognize, tossing out build errors like the one in the question.

在这种情况下，Android 11引入了< queries> 作为清单元素，而旧版本的Android Gradle插件对此元素一无所知.

In this case, Android 11 introduced <queries> as a manifest element, and older versions of the Android Gradle Plugin do not know about that element.

这是来自清单合并的事实，意味着只需升级依赖项可能会导致此错误.例如，如果您升级到最新版本版本的 com.awesome:awesome-library ，它包含一个< queries> 元素在清单中，您可能会在构建中因上述错误而崩溃，即使您的代码没有任何其他更改.

The fact that this occurs from manifest merger means that simply upgrading a dependency might bring about this error. For example, if you upgrade to the latest version of com.awesome:awesome-library, and it contained a <queries> element in its manifest, you might crash with the aforementioned error in your builds, even without any other changes in your code.

Google发布了一系列Android Gradle插件的修补程序版本来解决此问题:

Google released a series of patch versions of the Android Gradle Plugin to address this:

• 3.3.3
• 3.4.3
• 3.5.4
• 3.6.4
• 4.0.1

如果您正在使用 3.3.* 至 4.0.* 系列中的现有插件，请升级到该列表中的相关补丁程序版本(或更高版本)，则不再需要遇到该错误(例如 classpath'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.1').

If you are using an existing plugin in the 3.3.* through 4.0.* series, upgrade to the associated patch version (or higher) from that list, and you should no longer run into that error (e.g., classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.1').

如果您使用的是Android Studio 4.1或更高版本，且具有Android Gradle插件(例如，在 4.1.* 系列中)，如果没有任何变化.这些插件版本已经知道< queries> .

If you are using Android Studio 4.1 or higher, with a matching Android Gradle Plugin (e.g., in the 4.1.* series), you should be fine without any changes. Those plugin versions were already aware of <queries>.

请参见此Android开发者博客文章以获取更多信息.

See this Android Developers Blog post for more.

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