如何启用CORS的Apache Web服务器(CORS包括预检和自定义标头)? [英] How to CORS-enable Apache web server (CORSincluding preflight and custom headers)?

问题描述

常规:

Request URL:x/site.php
Request Method:OPTIONS
Status Code:302 Found
Remote Address:x.x.x.x:80

响应标题:

view source
Access-Control-Allow-Headers:Content-Type
Access-Control-Allow-Origin:*
Access-Control-Max-Age:300
Cache-Control:no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Content-Length:0
Content-Type:text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date:Thu, 02 Mar 2017 14:27:21 GMT
Expires:Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Location:y
Pragma:no-cache
Server:Apache/2.4.25 (Ubuntu)

请求标头:

view source
Accept:*/*
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Access-Control-Request-Headers:authorization
Access-Control-Request-Method:POST
Cache-Control:no-cache
Connection:keep-alive
DNT:1
Host:x
Origin:http://127.0.0.1:3000
Pragma:no-cache
Referer:http://127.0.0.1:3000/
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/54.0.2840.90 Safari/537.36

Apache virtualhost配置如下:

Apache virtualhost config looks as so:

    <IfModule mod_headers.c>
           Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "http://127.0.0.1:3000"
           Header set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "http://127.0.0.1"
           Header set Access-Control-Max-Age "300"
           Header set Access-Control-Allow-Credentials "true"
           Header set Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept"
           Header set Access-Control-Allow-Methods "POST, GET, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, OPTIONS"
    </IfModule>

飞行前请求是跳过apache配置并直接点击我的web应用，这会进行重定向(因此302和位置:y).

The preflight request is skipping the apache config and hitting my webapp directly, which does a redirect (hence the 302 and the location: y).

我不知道为什么apap无法处理预检请求?

I don't know why the preflight request is not being handled by apache?

推荐答案

要完全CORS启用Apache Web服务器，您需要将其配置为如下所示:

To fully CORS-enable an Apache web server, you need to have it configured to look like this:

Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Authorization"
Header always set Access-Control-Allow-Methods "GET"
Header always set Access-Control-Expose-Headers "Content-Security-Policy, Location"
Header always set Access-Control-Max-Age "600"

RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} OPTIONS
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1 [R=200,L]

在关于为各种 Access-Control-响应头设置哪些值的一些常规说明:

Some general notes on what values to set for the various Access-Control- response headers:

• Access-Control-Allow-Headers :您必须将其设置为包括您的请求发送的所有标头名称​​ CORS安全列出的标头名称或所谓的(浏览器设置的标头名称，您无法在JavaScript中设置);规范也允许使用 * 通配符作为其价值-因此您有一天可以尝试使用，但尚无浏览器支持: Chrome错误， Firefox错误， Safari错误

• Access-Control-Allow-Headers: you must set it to include any header names your request sends except    CORS-safelisted header names or so-called "forbidden" header names (names of headers set by the browser that you can’t set in your JavaScript); the spec alternatively allows the * wildcard as its value—so you can try it someday, but no browser supports it yet: Chrome bug, Firefox bug, Safari bug

Access-Control-Allow-Methods :规范也允许使用 * 通配符，但同样，如 Access-Control-Allow-Headers:* ，尚无浏览器支持

Access-Control-Allow-Methods: the spec alternatively allows the * wildcard—but again, as with Access-Control-Allow-Headers: *, no browsers support it yet

Access-Control-Expose-Headers :您必须设置为包括客户端代码需要读取的所有响应标头，而 Cache-Control ， Content-Language ， Content-Type ， Expires ， Last-Modified 和 Pragma-默认情况下是公开的(很多人忘记设置该设置，最终对为什么他们无法读取特定响应标头的值感到困惑)；再次规范也允许使用 * 通配符此处，但尚无浏览器支持

Access-Control-Expose-Headers: you must set to include any response headers your client code needs to read beyond Cache-Control,Content-Language,Content-Type, Expires, Last-Modified and Pragma—which are exposed by default (a lot of people forget to set this and end up baffled about why they can’t read the value of a particular response header); again the spec alternatively allows the * wildcard here, but no browsers support it yet

Access-Control-Max-Age :Chrome的上限为 600 (10分钟)硬编码，所以没有指出要为其设置更高的值(Firefox可能会尊重它，但是如果您将其设置为更高，Chrome会将其降低至10分钟，而Safari将其限制为仅 5 分钟)

Access-Control-Max-Age: Chrome has an upper limit of 600 (10 minutes) hardcoded, so there’s no point in setting a higher value for it than that (Firefox may respect it, but Chrome will just throttle it down to 10 minutes if you set it higher, and Safari limits it to only 5 minutes)

因此，关于问题中显示的特定请求，需要进行以下特定更改和添加:

So then, about the particular request shown in the question, the specific changes and additions that would need to made are these:

• 始终使用 Header set ，而不仅仅是 Header set

使用 mod_rewrite 来处理 OPTIONS只需发送带有这些标头的 200 OK

Use mod_rewrite to handle the OPTIONS by just sending back a 200 OK with those headers

该请求具有 Access-Control-Request-Headers:authorization ，因此在Apache配置中，在 Access-Control-Allow中添加 Authorization -Headers 响应头.

The request has Access-Control-Request-Headers:authorization so in the Apache config, add Authorization in the Access-Control-Allow-Headers response header too.

Origin 是浏览器设置的禁止"标头名称，而 Accept 是CORS安全列出的标头名称，因此您无需将它们包括在 Access-Control-Allow-Headers

Origin is a "forbidden" header name set by the browser, and Accept is a CORS-safelisted header name, so you don’t need to include them in Access-Control-Allow-Headers

请求不发送 Content-Type ，因此响应中的 Access-Control-Allow-Headers 中不需要它(对于 GET 请求，仅当类型不是 application/x-www-form-urlencoded ， text/plain 或 multipart/form-data )

The request sends no Content-Type, so it isn’t needed in Access-Control-Allow-Headers in the response (and never needed for GET requests and otherwise only needed if the type is other than application/x-www-form-urlencoded, text/plain, or multipart/form-data)

对于 Access-Control-Allow-Methods ，该请求似乎只是一个 GET ，因此，除非计划也要进行 POST / PUT / Delete / PATCH 请求，没有必要明确包含这些请求

For Access-Control-Allow-Methods, the request seems to just be a GET, so unless the plan’s to also make POST/PUT/DELETE/PATCH requests, no point in explicitly including them

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