捕获由ASP.NET WebService上的WebMethod引发的自定义异常 [英] Catching a custom Exception thrown by a WebMethod on ASP.NET WebService

问题描述

我有一个经典的asp.net Web服务(asmx)和其中的一个web方法.在某些情况下，我需要在Web方法中引发一个自定义异常，并且需要在调用Web服务方法的地方捕获该特定的自定义异常.

I have a classical asp.net web service (asmx) and a web method in it. I need to throw a custom exception for some case in my web method, and I need to catch that specific custom exception where I call the web service method.

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{
    [WebMethod]
    public HelloWorldOutput HelloWorld(HelloWorldInput input)
    {
        try
        {
            // My Code
            return new HelloWorldOutput();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new HelloWorldException("Hello World Exception", ex);
        }
    }
}

输入，输出和异常类作为示例:

Input, output and exception classes as a sample:

public class HelloWorldInput { }
public class HelloWorldOutput { }    

[Serializable]
public class HelloWorldException : Exception
{
    public HelloWorldException() { }
    public HelloWorldException(string message) : base(message) { }
    public HelloWorldException(string message, Exception inner) 
        : base(message, inner) { }
    protected HelloWorldException(
      System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info,
      System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context) { }
}

在客户端，我需要:

public static void Main()
{
    WebService service = new WebService();
    try
    {
        service.HelloWorld(new HelloWorldInput());
    }
    catch (HelloWorldException ex)
    {
        // Do sth with HelloWorldException
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // Do sth with Exception
    }
}

但是，我不能这样做，因为在客户端上添加Web服务引用时，我具有服务类，输入和输出类，但是没有自定义异常类.

However, I cannot do that because when I add the web service reference on the client, I have service class, input and output classes, but I do not have custom exception class.

另一个问题是，我也有序列化Exception类的问题(由于Exception.Data属性实现了IDictionary接口)

Also another problem is that, I have also problems with serializing Exception class (because of Exception.Data property implements IDictionary interface)

是否有办法做到这一点，或者我是完全错误的方式，还是我错过了Web服务基础知识?

Is there a way to do this in my way, or am I in a completely wrong way, or is there something I miss about fundamentals of web services?

谢谢.

推荐答案

ASP.NET Web服务可以引发任何类型的异常:SoapException，HelloWorldException或类似的异常.但是，该异常被序列化为SOAP Fault元素，并且无论服务中引发的异常的类型如何，在反序列化时，该异常都将转换为SoapException.因此，即使我将HelloWorldException部署到客户端，也无法用问题中的catch块捕获HelloWorldException.

ASP.NET Web Service can throw any type of exception: SoapException, HelloWorldException or soever. However, the exception is serialized into a SOAP Fault element, and regardless of the type of the exception thrown in the service, the exception is converted into a SoapException while deserialization. Hence, it is not possible to catch the HelloWorldException with my catch block in my question, even if I deploy the HelloWorldException to the client.

对于ASP.NET客户端，唯一的方法是将异常捕获为SoapException并通过其 Actor Actor 或 SoapFaultSubCode 属性对其进行处理.

For an ASP.NET client, the only way is to catch the exception as SoapException and handle it by its Actor or SoapFaultSubCode property.

我基本上已经解决了如下问题:

I've basically solved my problem as below:

Web服务:

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{
    [WebMethod]
    public HelloWorldOutput HelloWorld(HelloWorldInput input)
    {
        try
        {
            // My Code
            return new HelloWorldOutput();
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new SoapException("Hello World Exception",   
                 SoapException.ServerFaultCode, "HelloWorld", ex);
        }
    }
}

客户:

public static void Main()
{
    WebService service = new WebService();
    try
    {
        service.HelloWorld(new HelloWorldInput());
    }
    catch (SoapException ex)
    {
        if(ex.Actor == "HelloWorld")
            // Do sth with HelloWorldException
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // Do sth with Exception
    }
}

连同布莱斯·菲舍尔(Bryce Fischer)在回答中写的文件；这些msdn文档还具有有关引发和处理Web服务异常的有用信息.

Together with the document which Bryce Fischer wrote in his answer; these msdn documents also has helpful information about throwing and handling web service exceptions.

如何:从使用ASP.NET创建的Web服务中引发异常

如何:处理Web服务方法引发的异常

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