.net MVC添加角色并添加用户并向用户添加角色+使视图的一部分仅对角色可见 [英] .net MVC add roles and add users and add roles to users + make part of a view only visible for a role
问题描述
我是.net的新手，必须创建一个学校项目.我正在使用MVC 5模板，它具有标准的登录名，但是现在我需要2个角色:学生和老师.如何以及在何处创建这些角色?然后我该如何做，以便只有登录的人才能从该导航中获取最后一个项目
I am new to .net and have to create a project for school. I am using an MVC 5 template and it has a standard login but now I need 2 roles: student and teacher. How and where do I create those roles? And then how do I make it so that only logged in people can the last item from this nav
<div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Roles", "Index", "Roles")</li>
<li>@Html.ActionLink("Evaluaties", "About", "Home")</li>
</ul>
@Html.Partial("_LoginPartial")
</div>
另外，我希望一个角色与另一个角色有不同的看法?
Plus I want one role to see a different view from the other how do I do that?
推荐答案
默认情况下，MVC5项目模板没有角色管理器，因此，我们首先创建角色管理器类；(为了保持项目的结构合理，最好添加如下所述的类):
MVC5 project template doesn't have role manager by default, so we start by creating our role manager classes; (in order to keep the project well structured it is better to add the classes as mentioned below):
1-创建ApplicationRole类(添加到模型"文件夹下的IdentityModels.cs)
1- create ApplicationRole class (add to IdentityModels.cs under Models folder)
public class ApplicationRole : IdentityRole
{
public ApplicationRole() : base() { }
public ApplicationRole(string name) : base(name) { }
}
2-创建ApplicationRoleManager类(将其放入App_Start文件夹下的IdentityConfig.cs中)
2- create ApplicationRoleManager class (put it inside IdentityConfig.cs under App_Start folder)
public class ApplicationRoleManager : RoleManager<ApplicationRole>, IDisposable
{
public ApplicationRoleManager(RoleStore<ApplicationRole> store) : base(store) { }
public static ApplicationRoleManager Create(
IdentityFactoryOptions<ApplicationRoleManager> options,
IOwinContext context)
{
return new ApplicationRoleManager(new RoleStore<ApplicationRole>(context.Get<ApplicationDbContext>()));
}
}
3-在应用程序启动时配置角色管理器；将以下行添加到Startup.Auth.cs文件中的ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)方法中:
3- configure the role manager at application start up; add the below line to the ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app) method in Startup.Auth.cs file :
app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationRoleManager>(ApplicationRoleManager.Create);
4-如果需要，请创建一个新的控制器，或者使用现有的控制器，并在控制器构造函数中定义ApplicationuserManager和ApplicationRoleManager的参数，然后从owin上下文中检索身份管理器:
4- create a new controller if required or use an existing one, and define the parameters for ApplicationuserManager and ApplicationRoleManager inside the controller constructor, then retrieve the identity managers from the owin context:
namespace UsersAndRoles.Controllers
{
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
public class UsersAndRolesController : Controller
{
private ApplicationUserManager _userManager;
private ApplicationRoleManager _roleManager;
public UsersAndRolesController() { }
public UsersAndRolesController(ApplicationUserManager userManager, ApplicationRoleManager roleManager)
{
UserManager = userManager;
RoleManager = roleManager;
}
public ApplicationUserManager UserManager
{
get
{
return _userManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
}
private set
{
_userManager = value;
}
}
public ApplicationRoleManager RoleManager
{
get
{
return _roleManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Get<ApplicationRoleManager>();
}
private set
{
_roleManager = value;
}
}
// GET: UsersAndRoles
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
}
}
设置现已完成，控制器已准备好创建用户和角色，为了创建用户，只需创建一个ApplicationUser并使用UserManager.Create方法将其添加，密码必须与ApplicationUserManager类中定义的规则匹配.
The setup is done now and the controller is ready to create users and roles, in order to create a user simply create an ApplicationUser and add it using UserManager.Create method, the password must match the rules defined in the ApplicationUserManager class.
5-通过调用UserManager.Create方法创建用户:
5- create user by calling UserManager.Create method:
var user = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = "Ziyad",
Email = "email@domainname.com"
};
var password = "P@ssw0rd";
UserManager.Create(user, password);
6-使用RoleManager以类似方式创建角色:
6- creating roles in a similar way using RoleManager:
var role = new ApplicationRole
{
Name = "Students"
};
RoleManager.Create(role);
7-最后一部分是使用UserManager向用户分配角色:
7- last part is to assign roles to users using UserManager:
UserManager.AddToRole("user_id", "role_name");
完整的控制器在这里:
namespace UsersAndRoles.Controllers
{
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using Models;
public class UsersAndRolesController : Controller
{
private ApplicationUserManager _userManager;
private ApplicationRoleManager _roleManager;
public UsersAndRolesController() { }
public UsersAndRolesController(ApplicationUserManager userManager, ApplicationRoleManager roleManager)
{
UserManager = userManager;
RoleManager = roleManager;
}
public ApplicationUserManager UserManager
{
get
{
return _userManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
}
private set
{
_userManager = value;
}
}
public ApplicationRoleManager RoleManager
{
get
{
return _roleManager ?? HttpContext.GetOwinContext().Get<ApplicationRoleManager>();
}
private set
{
_roleManager = value;
}
}
public string CreateUser()
{
var user = new ApplicationUser
{
UserName = "Ziyad",
Email = "email@domainname.com"
};
var password = "P@ssw0rd";
var result = UserManager.Create(user, password);
if (result.Succeeded)
{
return "User created";
}
else
{
var msg = "Error, user not created";
foreach (var err in result.Errors)
msg += err + "<br />";
return msg;
}
}
public string CreateRole()
{
var role = new ApplicationRole
{
Name = "Teachers"
};
var result = RoleManager.Create(role);
if (result.Succeeded)
{
return "Role created";
}
else
{
var msg = "Error, role not created";
foreach (var err in result.Errors)
msg += err + "<br />";
return msg;
}
}
public string AddUserToRole()
{
var user = UserManager.FindByEmail("email@domainname.com");
if (user != null)
{
var result = UserManager.AddToRole(user.Id, "Teachers");
if (result.Succeeded)
{
return "User assigned to role";
}
else
{
var msg = "Error, user not assigned to role <br />";
foreach (var err in result.Errors)
msg += err + "<br />";
return msg;
}
}
else
{
return "User not found!";
}
}
}
}
如果要将某些视图/菜单限制为特定角色，请使用User.IsInRole("role_name")方法:
if you want to restrict some views/menus to specific roles use User.IsInRole("role_name") method:
if (User.IsInRole("Teachers"))
{
// role specific options
}
如果只想允许特定角色访问操作方法，请使用authorize属性:
if you want to allow only specific role to access an action method use the authorize attribute:
[Authorize(Roles = "Teachers")]
public ActionResult ActionName()
{
//teachers specific method
}
希望这会有所帮助:)
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