Python-Base64数据有效吗? [英] Python - Is Base64 data a valid image?

问题描述

我正在使用Python，并且有一个base64字符串.

I am using Python and I have a base64 string.

我想知道，如果我收到的base64数据是图像，并且扩展名已更改为图像扩展名的任何其他文件(例如PDF，DOCX)，

I want to know that if the base64 data I have received is a image and not any other file (eg. PDF, DOCX) whose extension is changed to image extension.

示例:

<代码>字符串1 =数据:图像/PNG; BASE64，iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAARwAAAD2CAYAAAAEXDiwAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsMAAA7DAcdvqGQAAAAhdEVYdENyZWF0aW9uIFRpbWUAMjAyMDowMToyMyAxODowNjo1NkXosZcAADekSURBVHhe7Z0HuF5VlbDXDSUI0hOQIAqY0EWwjBLEwRFGKXYEQUT8FZixAjP4/4wFpTgqCAErYKFXHVBpCgiIBnQcVCIJkCCggEASgqEmQvJ/77n3/bJyuKE4zIEw64X97L3XXm3vc86 + 5ztfycD8HlEURfE0cu + 99w21FmbEUF0URfE/Tm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0Rm04RVF0xsCf/性的3Zn/KF2URTF08Iyyyw71FqYusMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzasMpiqIzBmbNml0/MVoURSfUHU5RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1R/xBeURRPO/UP4RVF8YxTG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ1RG05RFJ0x4oc//MFQc5DqVz9T/epnnqj/RNQH/4qieNp5wg/+ + Pd07XfWrn6n c7v/ZKk7nKIonnYWeYfzdO901a9 + 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string1 是一个有效的png 文件，其中 string2 是无效的图片，其扩展名已更改到png并上传.

string1 is a valid png file where as string2 is not a valid image whose extension has been changed to png and uploaded.

有什么想法吗?

推荐答案

PNG格式具有固定的 header 89 50 4e 47 0d 0a 1a 0a ，转换为base64后，如​​下所示:

The PNG format has a fixed header that consists of the 8 bytes 89 50 4e 47 0d 0a 1a 0a which, when converted to base64, look like this:

iVBORw0KGgo =

iVBORw0KGgo=

如您所见，它以填充字符"="结尾，该字符不会出现在图像的实际base64表示中，而以"o"代替.取决于标头后面的字节，可能会有不同的字符.

As you can see, it ends with a padding character "=", which will not be there in a real base64 representation of an image, and instead of "o" there could be a different character depending on the bytes after the header.

因此，您可以通过比较base64字符串的第一个字符与

So you can easily recognize a base64 encoded PNG by comparing the first characters of the base64 string with

iVBORw0KGg

iVBORw0KGg

此

This principle works for all file formats that have a fixed header.

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