删除所有用行断开的符号链接? [英] Delete all broken symbolic links with a line?

问题描述

对于给定的文件夹，如何删除其中的所有断开链接?

For a given folder, how can I delete all broken links within it?

我找到了此答案，其中显示了如何删除一个断开的链接，但是我不能只在一行中放在一起.有单线吗?

I found this answer that shows how to delete one broken link, but I can't put that together in only one line. Is there a one-liner for this?

损坏的符号是指向不再存在的文件/文件夹的链接.

A broken symbolic is a link that points to a file/folder that doesn't exists any longer.

推荐答案

这是一种POSIX方式，无需递归即可删除当前目录中所有损坏的符号链接.它通过告诉 find 遍历符号链接( -L )，但在每个目录或符号链接处停止( -prune )来工作到这样.

Here's a POSIX way of deleting all broken symbolic links in the current directory, without recursion. It works by telling find to traverse symbolic links (-L), but stopping (-prune) at every directory-or-symbolic-link-to-such.

find -L . -name . -o -type d -prune -o -type l -exec rm {} +

您也可以使用Shell循环.测试 -L 匹配符号链接，而 -e 匹配现有文件(不包括损坏的符号链接).

You can also use a shell loop. The test -L matches symbolic links, and -e matches existing files (excluding broken symlinks).

for x in * .[!.]* ..?*; do if [ -L "$x" ] && ! [ -e "$x" ]; then rm -- "$x"; fi; done

如果要递归到子目录，此技术将不起作用.使用GNU find(在非嵌入式Linux和Cygwin上可以找到)，您可以使用 -xtype 谓词来检测断开的符号链接( -xtype 使用目标的类型表示符号链接，并报告 l 断开的链接).

If you want to recurse into subdirectories, this technique doesn't work. With GNU find (as found on non-embedded Linux and Cygwin), you can use the -xtype predicate to detect broken symbolic links (-xtype uses the type of the target for symbolic links, and reports l for broken links).

find -xtype l -delete

POSIXly，您需要组合两个工具.您可以使用 find -type l -exec…在每个符号链接上调用命令，并使用 [-e"$ x"] 测试该链接是否为非-坏了.

POSIXly, you need to combine two tools. You can use find -type l -exec … to invoke a command on each symbolic link, and [ -e "$x" ] to test whether that link is non-broken.

find . -type l -exec sh -c 'for x; do [ -e "$x" ] || rm "$x"; done' _ {} +

最简单的解决方案是使用zsh.要删除当前目录中所有断开的符号链接，请执行以下操作:

The simplest solution is to use zsh. To delete all broken symbolic links in the current directory:

rm -- *(-@D)

括号中的字符为 glob限定符:-取消引用符号链接， @ 仅匹配符号链接(组合-@@ 仅意味着断开的符号链接)，而 D 取消引用匹配点文件.要递归到子目录，请执行以下操作:

The characters in parentheses are glob qualifiers: - to dereference symlinks, @ to match only symlinks (the combination -@ means broken symlinks only), and D to match dot files. To recurse into subdirectories, make that:

rm -- **/*(-@D)

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