awk要求合并两个文件 [英] Awk asking combine two files

问题描述

我已经通过AWK命令将两个不同的文件与Same Key结合在一起.如果没有键匹配，则将其与File1和File2进行比较放"\ t \ t \ t"代替.

I have combined two different files with Same Key by AWK command. And In case there is no key match compare to File1 and File2 then just put "\t\t\t" instead.

我有以下AWK命令.

awk -F"\t" '
{key = $1}
NR == 1 {header = key}
!(key in result) {result[key] = $0 ; next}
{ for (i=2; i <= NF; i++) result[key] = result[key] FS $i }
END {
    print result[header],"\tValue2","\tValue3","\tValue4"
    delete result[header]
    PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc"    # if using GNU awk
    for (key in result) print result[key]
}
' $1 $2 > $3

示例组合File1

Key    Value1
 A     10000
 B     20000
 C     30000
 D     40000

File2

 B     50000      20000     10000   
 C     20000      10000     50000   

然后获得预期结果

Key    Value1    Value2    Value3    Value4
 A     10000       -         -         -
 B     20000     50000     20000     10000   
 C     30000     20000     10000    50000   
 D     40000       -         -         -

我的AWK命令显示

Key    Value1    Value2    Value3    Value4
 A     10000       
 B     20000     50000     20000     10000   
 C     30000     20000     10000    50000   
 D     40000       

我已经尝试了以下几种方法

I already tried to do few way like below

!(key in result) {result[key] = $0"\t-\t-\t-" ; next}

但是看起来这并不涵盖所有情况.有人有更好的主意吗?谢谢！

But looks like this is does not cover all cases. Anyone has better idea to do this? Thank you!

推荐答案

此解决方案不会硬编码File2中还有3个额外字段

This solution doesn't hardcode that there are 3 extra fields in File2

awk '
    BEGIN { FS = OVS = "\t" }
    NR == FNR {
        key = $1
        $1 = ""
        store[key] = $0
        num_extra_fields = NF-1
        next
    } 
    FNR == 1 {
        printf "%s", $0
        for (i=1; i <= num_extra_fields; i++) 
            printf "%sValue%d", OFS, i+(NF-1)
        print ""
        next
    } 
    $1 in store {
        print $0  store[key]
        next
    } 
    { 
        for (i=1; i <= num_extra_fields; i++) 
            $(++NF)="-"
        print
    }
' file2 file1 

由于stackoverflow如何显示选项卡，输出看起来有些奇怪

The output looks a bit odd due to how stackoverflow displays tabs

Key Value1  Value2  Value3  Value4
A   10000   -   -   -
B   20000   20000   10000   50000
C   30000   20000   10000   50000
D   40000   -   -   -

---

要修复代码，您需要跟踪file2中更新结果的键.更改

---

To fix your code, you need to keep track of the keys in file2 that update the results. Change

{ for (i=2; i <= NF; i++) result[key] = result[key] FS $i }

到

{ updated[key]=1; for (i=2; i <= NF; i++) result[key] = result[key] FS $i }

，然后在END块中更改

and, in the END block, change

  for (key in result) print result[key]

到

  for (key in result) {
    if (!(key in updated)) result[key] = result[key] FS "-" FS "-" FS "-"
    print result[key]
  }

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