如果程序失败，powershell脚本将停止(例如bash`set -o errexit`) [英] powershell script stops if program fails (like bash `set -o errexit`)

问题描述

是否存在一个优雅的Powershell脚本设置，如果程序失败，该设置将退出正在运行的Powershell脚本(或Shell实例)?

我正在想像Bash功能，例如Powershell的 set -o errexit (或 set -e ).在该功能中，如果bash脚本中的程序失败(进程返回码不是 0 )，则bash shell实例将立即退出.

I'm imagining something like Bash feature set -o errexit (or set -e) but for Powershell. In that feature, if a program in the bash script fails (process return code was not 0) then the bash shell instance immediately exits.

在powershell中，脚本可以检查 $ LastExitCode .但是，对于每个程序调用而言，这样做变得很麻烦.也许powershell具有自动检查程序返回代码并对之进行响应的功能.

In powershell, the script could check $LastExitCode. However, that becomes cumbersome to do for every program call. Maybe powershell has a feature to automatically check and react to program return codes.

Set-Powershell-Auto-Exit 'ProgramReturnCode'  # what should this be?
& program.exe --fail  # this program fails with an error code
& foo.exe             # this never runs because script has exited

推荐答案

不幸的是，从PowerShell Core 7.0.0-preview.3开始，PowerShell提供了 no 方法来自动退出脚本当外部程序报告非零退出代码时.

Unfortunately, as of PowerShell Core 7.0.0-preview.3, PowerShell offers no way to automatically exit a script when an external program reports a nonzero exit code.

• 正在此中讨论添加支持RFC提案.

对于 PowerShell-native 命令(仅 )(cmdlet，脚本，函数)，可以使用 $ ErrorActionPreference ='Stop'，这会导致退出代码 1 .

For PowerShell-native commands only (cmdlets, scripts, functions), $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' can be used, which results in exit code 1.

• 如果您需要对报告的退出代码有更多控制，请参见此答案.
• 有关PowerShell如何向外界报告退出代码的概述，请参见此答案.

就目前而言，您必须明确测试 $ LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 ，并以此为基础采取措施解决方法，您可以对所有外部程序调用使用 helper函数 ，如

For now, you must test for $LASTEXITCODE -eq 0 explicitly and take action based on that, but as a workaround you can use a helper function for all external-program invocations, as shown in this answer.

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