从命令行使用带引号的参数执行Powershell脚本 [英] Executing Powershell script from command line with quoted parameters

问题描述

我正在自动构建旧版MS Access应用程序，并且在其中一个步骤中，我试图使Access可执行文件(.ADE).我想出了以下代码，这些代码存储在文件(PSLibrary.ps1)中:

I am automating the build of a legacy MS Access application, and in one of the steps, I am trying to make an Access executable (.ADE). I have come up with the following code, which is stored in a file (PSLibrary.ps1):

Add-Type -AssemblyName Microsoft.Office.Interop.Access

function Access-Compile {
param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=1)][string]$source,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=2)][string]$destination
)
    Write-Output "Starting MS Access"
    $access = New-Object -ComObject Access.Application
    $access.Visible = $FALSE
    $access.AutomationSecurity = 1

    if (!(Test-Path $source)) { Throw "Source '$source' not found" }
    if ((Test-Path $destination)) {
        Write-Output "File '$destination' already exists - deleting..."
        Remove-Item $destination
    }

    Write-Output "Compiling '$source' to '$destination'"
    $result = $access.SysCmd(603, $source, $destination)

    $result

    Write-Output "Exiting MS Access"
    $access.quit()
}

如果我进入PowerShell ISE并运行以下命令，则一切正常，并创建了预期的输出:

If I go into the PowerShell ISE and run the command below, then everything works fine, and the expected output is created:

PS C:>& "C:\Temp\PSLibrary.ps1"
PS C:>Access-Compile "C:\Working\Project.adp" "C:\Working\Project.ade"

但是，我似乎无法像在自动构建中那样，生成正确的轨迹来从命令行运行它.例如，

However, I can't seem to generate the right hocus-pocus to get this running from the command line, as I would in an automated build. For instance,

powershell.exe -command "& \"C:\\Temp\\PSLibrary.ps1\" Access-Compile \"C:\\Temp\\Project.adp\" \"C:\\Temp\\Project.ade\""

我在做什么错了?

推荐答案

对于复杂的参数，可以使用Powershell的 -EncodedCommand 参数.它将接受Base64编码的字符串.引号，斜杠等不需要转义.

For complex parameters, you can use Powershell's -EncodedCommand parameter. It will accept a Base64 encoded string. No escaping is needed for quotes, slashes and such.

考虑一个测试功能，该功能将打印其参数.像这样

Consider a test function that will print its parameters. Like so,

function Test-Function {
param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=1)][string]$source,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$TRUE,Position=2)][string]$destination
)
    write-host "src: $source"
    write-host "dst: $destination"
}

创建命令以加载脚本和一些参数.像这样

Create command to load the script and some parameters. Like so,

# Load the script and call function with some parameters
. C:\Temp\Calling-Test.ps1;  Test-Function "some\special:characters?" "`"c:\my path\with\spaces within.ext`""

命令语法确定后，将其编码为Base64形式.像这样

After the command syntax is OK, encode it into Base64 form. Like so,

[System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::UNICODE.GetBytes('. C:\Temp\Calling-Test.ps1;  Test-Function "some\special:characters?" "`"c:\my path\with\spaces within.ext`""'))

您将获得一个Base64字符串.像这样

You'll get a Base64 string. Like so,

<代码> LgAgAEMAOgBcAFQAZQBtAHAAXABDAGEAbABsAGkAbgBnAC0AVABlAHMAdAAuAHAAcwAxADsAIAAgAFQAZQBzAHQALQBGAHUAbgBjAHQAaQBvAG4AIAAiAHMAbwBtAGUAXABzAHAAZQBjAGkAYQBsADoAYwBoAGEAcgBhAGMAdABlAHIAcwA/ACIAIAAiAGAAIgBjADoAXABtAHkAIABwAGEAdABoAFwAdwBpAHQAaABcAHMAcABhAGMAZQBzACAAdwBpAHQAaABpAG4ALgBlAHgAdABgACIAIgA =

最后，启动Powershell并将编码后的字符串作为参数传递.像这样

Finally, start Powershell and pass the encoded string as a parameter. Like so,

# The parameter string here is abreviated for readability purposes.
# Don't do this in production
C:\>powershell -encodedcommand LgAgA...
Output
src: some\special:characters?
dst: "c:\my path\with\spaces within.ext"

以后是否要反转Base64编码，将其传递给解码方法.像这样

Should you later want to reverse the Base64 encoding, pass it into decoding method. Like so,

$str = " LgAgA..."
[Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetString([System.Convert]::FromBase64String($str))
# Output
. C:\Temp\Calling-Test.ps1;  Test-Function "some\special:characters?" "`"c:\my path\with\spaces within.ext`""

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