加密.NET二进制序列化流 [英] Encrypt .NET binary serialization stream
问题描述
我正在研究C#中的加密，但遇到了麻烦.我有一些 Rijndael加密代码，它可以与字符串完美配合.但是现在我正在研究序列化，并且 BinaryWriter 会在没有任何保护的情况下写入类的数据.我正在使用要测试的代码；有没有办法加密类"或类似的方法?
I'm studying encryption in C# and I'm having trouble. I have some Rijndael encryption code and it's working perfectly with strings. But now I'm studying serialization and the BinaryWriter writes the data of classes without any protection. I'm using this code to test; is there a way to "encrypt the class", or something similar?
为澄清这个问题，这是我的代码:
To clarify the question, here is my code:
FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Create);
using (BinaryWriter sw = new BinaryWriter(file))
{
byte[] byt = ConverteObjectEmByte(myVarClass);
sw.Write(byt);
}
这就是我的阅读方式:
MyClass newMyVarClass;
FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Open);
using (BinaryReader sr = new BinaryReader(file))
{
// 218 is the size of the byte array that I've tested (byt)
myNewVarClass = (MyClass)ConverteByteEmObject(sr.ReadBytes(218));
}
谢谢！
推荐答案
传递给不同的流对象时，您可以将多个流链接在一起，而不是转换为 byte [] 作为中间步骤.从一个输出到另一个的输入.
Rather than converting to byte[] as an intermediate step when passing to different stream objects you can chain multiple streams together, passing the output from one to the input of another.
这种方法在这里很有意义，因为您正在链接在一起
This approach makes sense here, as you are chaining together
二进制序列化 => 加密 => 写入文件.
请记住，您可以将 ConvertObjectEmByte 更改为以下内容:
With this in mind, you can change ConvertObjectEmByte to something like:
public static void WriteObjectToStream(Stream outputStream, Object obj)
{
if (object.ReferenceEquals(null, obj))
{
return;
}
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
bf.Serialize(outputStream, obj);
}
同样， ConvertByteEmObject 可以变成:
public static object ReadObjectFromStream(Stream inputStream)
{
BinaryFormatter binForm = new BinaryFormatter();
object obj = binForm.Deserialize(inputStream);
return obj;
}
要添加加密/解密，我们可以编写创建 CryptoStream 对象的函数，这些对象可以与这些二进制序列化函数链接在一起.我下面的示例函数与您链接到的文章中的 Encrypt / Decrypt 函数有些不同，因为 RNGCryptoServiceProvider ，而不是像这样的伪随机数生成器>随机.
To add in the encryption/decryption, we can write functions that create CryptoStream objects that we can chain with these binary serialization functions. My example functions below look a bit different from the Encrypt/Decrypt functions in the article you linked to because the IV (Initialization Vector) is now generated randomly and written to the stream (and read from the stream on the other end). It's important that the IV is unique for each chunk of data you encrypt for security, and you should also use a random number generator intended for cryptographic purposes like RNGCryptoServiceProvider, rather than a pseudo-random number generator like Random.
public static CryptoStream CreateEncryptionStream(byte[] key, Stream outputStream)
{
byte[] iv = new byte[ivSize];
using (var rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
{
// Using a cryptographic random number generator
rng.GetNonZeroBytes(iv);
}
// Write IV to the start of the stream
outputStream.Write(iv, 0, iv.Length);
Rijndael rijndael = new RijndaelManaged();
rijndael.KeySize = keySize;
CryptoStream encryptor = new CryptoStream(
outputStream,
rijndael.CreateEncryptor(key, iv),
CryptoStreamMode.Write);
return encryptor;
}
public static CryptoStream CreateDecryptionStream(byte[] key, Stream inputStream)
{
byte[] iv = new byte[ivSize];
if (inputStream.Read(iv, 0, iv.Length) != iv.Length)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to read IV from stream.");
}
Rijndael rijndael = new RijndaelManaged();
rijndael.KeySize = keySize;
CryptoStream decryptor = new CryptoStream(
inputStream,
rijndael.CreateDecryptor(key, iv),
CryptoStreamMode.Read);
return decryptor;
}
最后，我们可以将其粘合在一起:
Finally, we can glue it together:
byte[] key = Convert.FromBase64String(cryptoKey);
using (FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Create))
using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = CreateEncryptionStream(key, file))
{
WriteObjectToStream(cryptoStream, myVarClass);
}
MyClass newMyVarClass;
using (FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Open))
using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = CreateDecryptionStream(key, file))
{
newMyVarClass = (MyClass)ReadObjectFromStream(cryptoStream);
}
请注意，我们将 file 流对象传递给 CreateEncryptionStream (和 CreateDecryptionStream )，然后传递 cryptoStream 指向 WriteObjectToStream (和 ReadObjectfromStream )的对象.您还将注意到，这些流在中使用块进行了作用域划分，以便在我们完成处理后自动将其清除.
Note that we pass the file stream object to CreateEncryptionStream (and CreateDecryptionStream), and then pass the cryptoStream object to WriteObjectToStream (and ReadObjectfromStream). You'll also notice that the streams are scoped inside using blocks, so that they'll automatically be cleaned up when we're finished with them.
这是完整的测试程序:
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
namespace CryptoStreams
{
class Program
{
[Serializable]
public class MyClass
{
public string TestValue
{
get;
set;
}
public int SomeInt
{
get;
set;
}
}
public static void WriteObjectToStream(Stream outputStream, Object obj)
{
if (object.ReferenceEquals(null, obj))
{
return;
}
BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter();
bf.Serialize(outputStream, obj);
}
public static object ReadObjectFromStream(Stream inputStream)
{
BinaryFormatter binForm = new BinaryFormatter();
object obj = binForm.Deserialize(inputStream);
return obj;
}
private const string cryptoKey =
"Q3JpcHRvZ3JhZmlhcyBjb20gUmluamRhZWwgLyBBRVM=";
private const int keySize = 256;
private const int ivSize = 16; // block size is 128-bit
public static CryptoStream CreateEncryptionStream(byte[] key, Stream outputStream)
{
byte[] iv = new byte[ivSize];
using (var rng = new RNGCryptoServiceProvider())
{
// Using a cryptographic random number generator
rng.GetNonZeroBytes(iv);
}
// Write IV to the start of the stream
outputStream.Write(iv, 0, iv.Length);
Rijndael rijndael = new RijndaelManaged();
rijndael.KeySize = keySize;
CryptoStream encryptor = new CryptoStream(
outputStream,
rijndael.CreateEncryptor(key, iv),
CryptoStreamMode.Write);
return encryptor;
}
public static CryptoStream CreateDecryptionStream(byte[] key, Stream inputStream)
{
byte[] iv = new byte[ivSize];
if (inputStream.Read(iv, 0, iv.Length) != iv.Length)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to read IV from stream.");
}
Rijndael rijndael = new RijndaelManaged();
rijndael.KeySize = keySize;
CryptoStream decryptor = new CryptoStream(
inputStream,
rijndael.CreateDecryptor(key, iv),
CryptoStreamMode.Read);
return decryptor;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
MyClass myVarClass = new MyClass
{
SomeInt = 1234,
TestValue = "Hello"
};
byte[] key = Convert.FromBase64String(cryptoKey);
using (FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Create))
{
using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = CreateEncryptionStream(key, file))
{
WriteObjectToStream(cryptoStream, myVarClass);
}
}
MyClass newMyVarClass;
using (FileStream file = new FileStream(Environment.CurrentDirectory + @"\class.dat", FileMode.Open))
using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = CreateDecryptionStream(key, file))
{
newMyVarClass = (MyClass)ReadObjectFromStream(cryptoStream);
}
Console.WriteLine("newMyVarClass.SomeInt: {0}; newMyVarClass.TestValue: {1}",
newMyVarClass.SomeInt,
newMyVarClass.TestValue);
}
}
}
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