mkdir的"-p"选项 [英] mkdir's "-p" option

问题描述

所以这似乎不是我遇到的一个非常复杂的问题，但这是我找不到答案的问题.我对 -p 选项在Unix中的功能感到困惑.在创建子目录然后在该目录中创建另一个子目录时，我将其用于实验室分配.看起来像这样:

So this doesn't seem like a terribly complicated question I have, but it's one I can't find the answer to. I'm confused about what the -p option does in Unix. I used it for a lab assignment while creating a subdirectory and then another subdirectory within that one. It looked like this:

mkdir -p cmps012m/lab1

该文件位于具有正常权限( rlidwka )的私有目录中.哦，有人会介意解释 rlidwka 的含义吗?我并不是Unix的初学者，但是我对它的含义不是很熟悉.希望这不是一个太模糊的问题.

This is in a private directory with normal rights (rlidwka). Oh, and would someone mind giving a little explanation of what rlidwka means? I'm not a total noob to Unix, but I'm not really familiar with what this means. Hopefully that's not too vague of a question.

推荐答案

手册页是您可以找到的最佳信息来源...并且唾手可得: man mkdir 给出了以下内容: -p 开关:

The man pages is the best source of information you can find... and is at your fingertips: man mkdir yields this about -p switch:

-p, --parents
    no error if existing, make parent directories as needed

用例示例:假设我要创建目录 hello/goodbye ，但不存在:

Use case example: Assume I want to create directories hello/goodbye but none exist:

$mkdir hello/goodbye
mkdir:cannot create directory 'hello/goodbye': No such file or directory
$mkdir -p hello/goodbye
$

-p 创建了 hello 和再见

这意味着该命令将创建满足您的请求所需的所有目录，如果该目录存在，则不会返回任何错误.

关于 rlidwka ，Google对于首字母缩写词:)有很好的记忆力.我的搜索返回了以下示例: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/afs/afs_acls.html

About rlidwka, Google has a very good memory for acronyms :). My search returned this for example: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/afs/afs_acls.html

 Directory permissions

l (lookup)
    Allows one to list the contents of a directory. It does not allow the reading of files. 
i (insert)
    Allows one to create new files in a directory or copy new files to a directory. 
d (delete)
    Allows one to remove files and sub-directories from a directory. 
a (administer)
    Allows one to change a directory's ACL. The owner of a directory can always change the ACL of a directory that s/he owns, along with the ACLs of any subdirectories in that directory. 

File permissions

r (read)
    Allows one to read the contents of file in the directory. 
w (write)
    Allows one to modify the contents of files in a directory and use chmod on them. 
k (lock)
    Allows programs to lock files in a directory. 

因此 rlidwka 的意思是:对的所有权限.

Hence rlidwka means: All permissions on.

值得一提的是，正如@KeithThompson在评论中指出的那样，并不是所有的Unix系统都支持ACL.因此， rlidwka 概念可能不适用于此处.

It's worth mentioning, as @KeithThompson pointed out in the comments, that not all Unix systems support ACL. So probably the rlidwka concept doesn't apply here.

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