Raspi的交叉编译-执行程序以“分段错误"结束. [英] Cross Compiling for Raspi - Executing the programm ends in "Segmentation fault"

问题描述

我有一个自己编写的程序，我也想从我的x86机器上为Raspberry Pi构建程序.我正在使用eclipse生成的makefile，无法更改此内容.

I have a self-written programm which I want to build also for Raspberry Pi from my x86 machine. I'm using eclipse generated makefiles and cannot change this thing.

我已经阅读了raspi CC的本教程: Hackaday-Link .因为raspi也已经安装了gcc 4.9版本，所以我也尝试使用此版本的交叉编译器进行尝试.这个hello world程序也存在该问题:

I've read this tutorial for CC for raspi : Hackaday-Link. Because raspi also have installed gcc version 4.9, I also try it with this version of the cross compiler. The problem also exisits with this hello world programm:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    cout << "hello world!" << endl;
}

直接在raspi上编译并运行时，输出为 hello world！.没关系.但是，当将其与 arm-linux-gnueabihf-g ++-4.9 的4.9版进行交叉编译时，将其scp到raspi，使其可执行并运行，即的输出.是 Segmentation fault .当执行 sudo ./hello_world 时，没有输出.

When compiling and running it directly on the raspi, the output is hello world!. OK, thats fine. But when cross-compiling it with version 4.9 of arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++-4.9, then scp it to the raspi, make it executable and run it, the output of ./hello_world is Segmentation fault. When executing sudo ./hello_world there is no output.

我试图获取有关文件的一些信息，并看到在raspi编译程序上本地输出:

I tried to get some information about the files and see that the locally on the raspi compiled program outputed:

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ file hello_world
hello_world: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3, for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=41161ae762d940b12c3313ca065a3badd284f6d3, not stripped

和交叉编译的版本输出

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ file hello_world
hello_world: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI5 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, BuildID[sha1]=4f1f4fb86710ef8130f148dc5adae1c0c18092fd, not stripped

谁能告诉我问题是什么以及如何解决?

Can anyone tell me what the problem is and how to solve it?

推荐答案

工具链编译器arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc可以具有可以运行的不同默认参数:

Toolchain compiler arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc can have different default parameters which one can get running:

 arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Q --help=target

在Raspberry Stretch上安装的编译器(我将只保留基本信息):

Compiler installed on Raspberry Stretch (I will leave essential information only):

<代码>-march = armv6-marm [启用]-mfloat-abi =硬-mfp16-format =无-mfpu = vfp

拉伸默认的交叉编译器:

Stretch default cross-compiler:

<代码>-march = armv7-a-marm [已禁用]-mfloat-abi =硬-mfp16-format =无-mfpu = vfpv3-d16

现在您看到了体系结构上的差异.因此，要使用交叉编译器，需要设置 march 来匹配您所需的CPU.还请注意，默认情况下，Debian交叉编译器会发出Thumb代码，而Raspberry Stretch会发出ARM代码

Now you see the difference in architecture. So to sompile with cross-compiler one will need to set march to match your desired CPU. Also note that Debian cross compiler by default emits Thumb code and Raspberry Stretch emits ARM code

我建议您在不支持设备的情况下交叉编译较新的CPU系列.

I suggest you're cross-compiling for newer CPU family while your device doesn't support it.

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