添加字段是不是在模型串在Django的REST框架 [英] Adding field that isn't in model to serializer in Django REST framework

问题描述

我有一个模型评论时创建可能会或可能不会创建一个新用户的。出于这个原因，我的API创建一个新的注释时需要密码字段。这里是我的评论模式：

 类评论（models.Model）：
    评议= models.ManyToManyField（批评家）
    电子邮件= models.EmailField（MAX_LENGTH = 100）
    笔者= models.CharField（MAX_LENGTH = 100）
    URL = models.URLField（MAX_LENGTH = 200）
    内容= models.TextField（空白= TRUE，空=真）
    IP = models.IPAddressField（MAX_LENGTH = 45）
    日期= models.DateTimeField（默认值= datetime.now）
    POST_TITLE = models.CharField（MAX_LENGTH = 200）
    POST_URL = models.URLField（MAX_LENGTH = 200）
    等级= models.IntegerField（MAX_LENGTH = 10，默认值为0）
 

下面是我的看法API：

 类CommentNewView（CreateAPIView）：
    模型=评论
    serializer_class = CommentCreateSerializer
 

下面是我的串行：

 类CommentCreateSerializer（serializers.ModelSerializer）：
    commenter_pw = serializers.CharField（MAX_LENGTH = 32，需= FALSE）    类元：
        模型=评论
        栏=（电子邮件，作者，URL，内容，IP，POST_TITLE'，'POST_URL'，'commenter_pw'）
 

这是我收到的错误：

 环境：
请求方法：POST
请求URL：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/comment/create/Django的版本：1.5.2
Python版本：2.7.2
安装的应用程序：
（commentflow.apps.dashboard'，
 commentflow.apps.commenter'，
 commentflow.apps.comment'，
 rest_framework'，
 rest_framework.authtoken'，
 'django.contrib.auth'，
 django.contrib.contenttypes'，
 django.contrib.sessions'，
 django.contrib.sites'，
 django.contrib.messages'，
 django.contrib.staticfiles'，
 django.contrib.admin'，
 django.contrib.admindocs'）
安装中间件：
（django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware'，
 django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware'，
 django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware'，
 django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware'，
 django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware'，
 django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware'）
追溯：
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py在get_response
  115.响应=回调（请求，* callback_args，** callback_kwargs）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py鉴于
  68.返回self.dispatch（请求，* ARGS，** kwargs）
文件\"/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py\"在wrapped_view
  77.返回view_func（* ARGS，** kwargs）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py在调度
  327.响应= self.handle_exception（EXC）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py在调度
  324.响应=处理器（要求，* ARGS，** kwargs）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/generics.py在后
  372.回报self.create（请求，* ARGS，** kwargs）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py中创建
  50.如果serializer.is_valid（）：
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py在is_valid
  479.回报不self.errors
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py中的错误
  471. RET = self.from_native（数据文件）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py在from_native
  867.例如=超（ModelSerializer，个体经营）.from_native（数据文件）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py在from_native
  324.回报self.restore_object（ATTRS，例如= GETATTR（自我，对象，无））
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py在restore_object
  852.例如= self.opts.model（** ATTRS）
文件/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py在__init__
  415.养类型错误（'％s'的是这个功能的无效的关键字参数％列表（kwargs）[0]）异常类型：类型错误时/ API /评论/新建/
异常值：'commenter_pw'是这个功能的无效关键字参数
 

解决方案

如果任何人都好奇，解决的办法是重写restore_object方法和额外的实例变量添加注释对象时，它已经被实例化后：

 高清restore_object（个体经营，ATTRS，例如=无）：
        如果实例不是无：
            instance.email = attrs.get（电子邮件，instance.email）
            instance.author = attrs.get（'作家'，instance.author）
            instance.url = attrs.get（'URL'，instance.url）
            instance.content = attrs.get（'内容'，instance.content）
            instance.ip = attrs.get（IP，instance.ip）
            instance.post_title = attrs.get（'POST_TITLE'，instance.post_title）
            instance.post_url = attrs.get（'POST_URL'，instance.post_url）
            例如返回        commenter_pw = attrs.get（'commenter_pw'）
        德尔ATTRS ['commenter_pw']        注释=注释（** ATTRS）
        comment.commenter_password = commenter_pw        返回评论
 

I have a model Comment that when created may or may not create a new user. For this reason, my API requires a password field when creating a new comment. Here is my Comment model:

class Comment(models.Model):
    commenter = models.ManyToManyField(Commenter)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=100)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    url = models.URLField(max_length=200)
    content = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    ip = models.IPAddressField(max_length=45)
    date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
    post_title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    post_url = models.URLField(max_length=200)
    rating = models.IntegerField(max_length=10, default=0)

Here is my API view:

class CommentNewView(CreateAPIView):
    model = Comment
    serializer_class = CommentCreateSerializer

Here is my serializer:

class CommentCreateSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    commenter_pw = serializers.CharField(max_length=32, required=False)

    class Meta:
        model = Comment
        fields = ('email', 'author', 'url', 'content', 'ip', 'post_title', 'post_url', 'commenter_pw')

Here is the error I am getting:

Environment:


Request Method: POST
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/comment/create/

Django Version: 1.5.2
Python Version: 2.7.2
Installed Applications:
('commentflow.apps.dashboard',
 'commentflow.apps.commenter',
 'commentflow.apps.comment',
 'rest_framework',
 'rest_framework.authtoken',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.sites',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.admindocs')
Installed Middleware:
('django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware')


Traceback:
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in get_response
  115.                         response = callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py" in view
  68.             return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py" in wrapped_view
  77.         return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
  327.             response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py" in dispatch
  324.             response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/generics.py" in post
  372.         return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/mixins.py" in create
  50.         if serializer.is_valid():
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in is_valid
  479.         return not self.errors
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in errors
  471.                 ret = self.from_native(data, files)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in from_native
  867.         instance = super(ModelSerializer, self).from_native(data, files)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in from_native
  324.             return self.restore_object(attrs, instance=getattr(self, 'object', None))
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/rest_framework/serializers.py" in restore_object
  852.             instance = self.opts.model(**attrs)
File "/Users/tlovett1/.virtualenvs/commentflow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py" in __init__
  415.                 raise TypeError("'%s' is an invalid keyword argument for this function" % list(kwargs)[0])

Exception Type: TypeError at /api/comment/create/
Exception Value: 'commenter_pw' is an invalid keyword argument for this function

解决方案

If anyone is curious, the solution is to override the restore_object method and add the extra instance variable to the comment object after it has been instantiated:

def restore_object(self, attrs, instance=None):
        if instance is not None:
            instance.email = attrs.get('email', instance.email)
            instance.author = attrs.get('author', instance.author)
            instance.url = attrs.get('url', instance.url)
            instance.content = attrs.get('content', instance.content)
            instance.ip = attrs.get('ip', instance.ip)
            instance.post_title = attrs.get('post_title', instance.post_title)
            instance.post_url = attrs.get('post_url', instance.post_url)
            return instance

        commenter_pw = attrs.get('commenter_pw')
        del attrs['commenter_pw']

        comment = Comment(**attrs)
        comment.commenter_password = commenter_pw

        return comment

这篇关于添加字段是不是在模型串在Django的REST框架的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！