具有持续长宽比的自适应CSS网格 [英] Responsive CSS Grid with persistent aspect ratio

问题描述

我的目标是创建一个响应网格，其中包含数量未知的项目，其长宽比保持在16:9.现在看起来像这样:

My goal is to create a responsive grid with an unknown amount of items, that keep their aspect ratio at 16 : 9. Right now it looks like this:

.grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, 160px);
    grid-template-rows: 1fr;
    grid-gap: 20px;
 }
.item {
    height: 90px;
    background: grey;
}

<div class="grid">
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
        <div class="item"></div>
</div>

问题是，这些项目无法随屏幕尺寸缩放，从而在正确的位置留出空白.但是，当使用以下方法使网格适应屏幕尺寸时: grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit，minmax(160p，1fr))并删除 height:90px; ，则宽高比不会持久.

The problem is, that the items won't scale with the screen size, resulting in a margin at the right site. But when making the grid adapt to the screen size with e.g.: grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160p, 1fr)) and removing the height: 90px;, the aspect ratio doesn't persist.

如果没有CSS网格，也许有更好的解决方案?(也许使用javascript)

Maybe there is a better solution without css grid? (Maybe using javascript)

推荐答案

您可以利用以下事实:百分比填充基于宽度.

You could take advantage of the fact that padding in percentages is based on width.

这篇CSS技巧文章很好地解释了这个想法:

This CSS-tricks article explains the idea quite well:

...如果您的元素宽为500像素，且填充顶部为100％，padding-top为500px.

...if you had an element that is 500px wide, and padding-top of 100%, the padding-top would be 500px.

那不是500px×500px的完美正方形吗?是的！方面比率！

Isn't that a perfect square, 500px × 500px? Yes, it is! An aspect ratio!

如果我们将元素的高度强制为零(高度:0;)并且不有任何边界.然后填充将成为盒子模型的唯一组成部分影响高度，我们将得到正方形.

If we force the height of the element to zero (height: 0;) and don't have any borders. Then padding will be the only part of the box model affecting the height, and we'll have our square.

现在想象一下，我们使用56.25％而不是100％的顶部填充.那个会发生成为完美的16:9比例！(9/16 = 0.5625).

Now imagine instead of 100% top padding, we used 56.25%. That happens to be a perfect 16:9 ratio! (9 / 16 = 0.5625).

因此，为了使各列保持宽高比:

So in order for the columns to maintain aspect ratio:

1. 按照您的建议设置列宽:

网格模板列:repeat(auto-fit，minmax(160px，1fr))

1. 在项目中添加一个伪元素以保持16:9的宽高比:

1. Add a pseudo element to the items to maintain the 16:9 aspect ratio:

.item:之前{内容:"；显示:块；高度:0；宽度:0;padding-bottom:calc(9/16 * 100％);}

.item:before { content: ""; display: block; height: 0; width: 0; padding-bottom: calc(9/16 * 100%); }

.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(160px, 1fr));
  grid-template-rows: 1fr;
  grid-gap: 20px;
}
.item {
  background: grey;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}
.item:before {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  height: 0;
  width: 0;
  padding-bottom: calc(9/16 * 100%);
}

<div class="grid">
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
  <div class="item"></div>
</div>

这篇关于具有持续长宽比的自适应CSS网格的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！