如何编写与Django模块一起使用的独立Python脚本? [英] How to write a stand-alone Python script working with Django modules?

问题描述

在PyCharm中，我创建了一个空白的新Django应用.创建了一些模型并发布了 manage.py makemigrations 和 manage.py migration 之后，我试图编写一个独立的脚本，用初始数据填充数据库.在其进口中，我写道:

In PyCharm, I created a blank new Django app. Having created some models and issued manage.py makemigrations and manage.py migrate, I tried to write a standalone script that would populate the database with initial data. In its imports I wrote:

from MyApp.models import Model1, Model2, …

遗憾的是，在PyCharm中运行此脚本会引发异常: django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured:请求的设置为DEFAULT_TABLESPACE，但未配置设置.在访问设置之前，您必须定义环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE或调用settings.configure().

Sadly, running this script in PyCharm throws an exception: django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting DEFAULT_TABLESPACE, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.

我用Google搜索了该异常，并在 https://stackoverflow.com/a/27455703/4385532 中找到了答案>建议将其放在脚本的顶部:

I Googled this exception, and found an answer in SO https://stackoverflow.com/a/27455703/4385532 advising to put this in the top of my script:

import os

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'

所以我做到了.遗憾的是，这并不能解决问题.现在，我迎来了另一个例外: django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady:模型尚未加载.

So I did. Sadly, this didn’t fix the issue. Now I am greeted with another exception: django.core.exceptions.AppRegistryNotReady: Models aren't loaded yet.

我该怎么办?

推荐答案

请确保您也这样做:

import django 
django.setup()

加载模型.

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