Django呼叫'id'需要一个数字，但得到了字符串 [英] Django call 'id' expected a number but got string
问题描述
django-import-export库的Django错误.
Django errors with django-import-export libraries.
我想通过django admin将数据从excel导入数据库.我用它为django-import-export，但是我得到了Field'id'期望有一个数字，但得到了'HPI'.
I want to import data from excel to db via django admin. I use for it django-import-export, but i got Field 'id' expected a number but got 'HPI'.
Excel文件包含
Excel file contains
我找到了答案，我必须添加exclude =('id'，)，但这没有帮助.我也做了迁移，也没有帮助.如何修复它并能够通过django admin将6列数据从Excel导入数据库?
I found answer, that I have to add exclude = ('id',), but it didn't help. Also i did migrations, it didn't help too. How to fix it and have ability to import 6 columns data from excel to db via django admin?
models.py
models.py
from django_mysql.models import JSONField, Model
from django.db import models
class Category(Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Meta:
ordering = ('-id',)
verbose_name = 'Category'
verbose_name_plural = 'Categories'
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Tag(Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Meta:
ordering = ('-id',)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Type(Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Meta:
ordering = ('-id',)
verbose_name = 'Type'
verbose_name_plural = 'Types'
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Macro(Model):
type = models.ForeignKey(
Type,
max_length=100,
null=True,
blank=True,
on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tag, blank=True)
category = models.ForeignKey(
Category, null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
abbreviation = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name='Title')
content = models.TextField(max_length=1000, null=True, blank=True)
class Meta:
ordering = ('-id',)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
admin.py
from django.contrib import admin
from import_export import resources
from import_export.admin import ImportExportModelAdmin
from .models import Category, Tag, Type, Macro
class MacroResource(resources.ModelResource):
class Meta:
model = Macro
skip_unchanged = True
report_skipped = True
exclude = ('id', )
export_order = ('type', 'tags', 'category', 'abbreviation', 'title', 'content')
@admin.register(Macro)
class MacroAdmin(ImportExportModelAdmin):
resource_class = MacroResource
list_display = ('id', 'type', 'tags_list', 'category', 'abbreviation', 'title', 'content')
search_fields = ('title', 'category__title', 'type__title', 'abbreviation', 'content', )
def tags_list(self, obj):
tags = [t for t in obj.tags.all()]
return ' '.join(str(tags)) if tags else '-'
@admin.register(Category)
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ('id', 'title')
@admin.register(Tag)
class TagAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ('id', 'title')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
@admin.register(Type)
class TypeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ('id', 'title')
推荐答案
问题出在数据库模型的ForeignKey和ManyToMany字段上.因此，django-import-export库需要获取此字段的小部件.
The problem was with ForeignKey and ManyToMany fields of a database model. So django-import-export library need to get widgets for this fields.
解决方案:admin.py
Solution: admin.py
class MacroResource(resources.ModelResource):
type = fields.Field(
column_name='type',
attribute='type',
widget=ForeignKeyWidget(Type, 'title'))
category = fields.Field(
column_name='category',
attribute='category',
widget=ForeignKeyWidget(Category, 'title'))
tags = fields.Field(
column_name='tags',
attribute='tags',
widget=ManyToManyWidget(Tag, field='title'))
class Meta:
model = Macro
skip_unchanged = True
report_skipped = True
exclude = ('id', )
import_id_fields = ('title',)
fields = ('type', 'tags', 'category', 'abbreviation', 'title', 'content')
代替
class MacroResource(resources.ModelResource):
class Meta:
model = Macro
skip_unchanged = True
report_skipped = True
exclude = ('id', )
export_order = ('type', 'tags', 'category', 'abbreviation', 'title', 'content')
这篇关于Django呼叫'id'需要一个数字，但得到了字符串的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
