由于机器人框架中的字符串中的撇号导致Xpath表达式错误 [英] Xpath expression error due to apostrophe in a String in robot framework

问题描述

我在机器人框架脚本中遇到以下错误.

I encountered the below error in my robot framework script.

InvalidSelectorException: Message: invalid selector: Unable to locate an element with the xpath expression //ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(),'Épargne en vue d\'un objectif précis')] because of the following error:
SyntaxError: Failed to execute 'evaluate' on 'Document': The string '//ul[@id='xyzul']/li[contains(text(),'Épargne en vue d\'un objectif précis')]' is not a valid XPath expression.

我正在尝试从Excel中获取法语数据代码"，并传入xpath来标识并单击该元素.

I am trying to fetch the French data "Épargne en vue d'un objectif précis" from an excel and passing in an xpath to identify and click the element.

该元素是一个下拉列表.这是方案之一.我还有许多其他失败的情况.有人可以帮忙解决这个问题吗?

The element is a dropdown. This is one of the scenarios. I have many other such scenarios which are failing. Could someone help how to handle this?

推荐答案

XPath没有转义序列.

XPath has no escape sequences.

//ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(),'Épargne en vue d\'un objectif précis')]

与

//ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(),'Épargne en vue d'un objectif précis')]

会的.

要视情况而定，是否可以减轻此错误，或者您不走运.

It depends on the circumstances if you can mitigate this error or if you are out of luck.

在测试框架的背景下，您可能很不走运，但是您需要显示更多代码才能获得更好的答案.

In the context of a testing framework you might very well be out of luck, but you need to show more of your code to get a better answer.

有两种方法可以在XPath中将单引号引起来.

There are two ways to get single quotes into a string in XPath.

1. 对字符串使用双引号.然后，您可以在内部使用单引号(反之亦然).

1. Use double quotes for the string. Then you can use single quotes inside (and vice versa).

//ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(),"Épargne en vue d'un objectif précis")]

在这种情况下(如您所处的情况)不可行时，因为您不知道用户提供的值是包含单引号还是双引号，因此必须使用 concat() XPath函数像这样:

When this is not feasible, like in your situation, because you never know whether a user-supplied value contains single- or double quotes, you must use the concat() XPath function like this:

//ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(), concat('Épargne en vue d', "'", 'un objectif précis'))]

第二个版本看起来很困难，但实际上可以通过拆分和连接输入字符串来可靠地构建它，就像这样

The second version looks difficult, but it can in fact be built reliably by splitting and joining the input string, like this

1. 输入的字符串为 preparcis对象代码
2. 在'处拆分会产生Épargneen vue d 和 un objectifprerécis
3. 与'，'"，'一起加入会给出Épargneen vue d'，'"，'un objectifprécis
4. 用 concat('和')包装后得到 concat('Épargneen vue d'，'，'un objectifprécis')，

1. Input string is Épargne en vue d'un objectif précis
2. Splitting at ' gives Épargne en vue d and un objectif précis
3. Joining with ', "'", ' gives Épargne en vue d', "'", 'un objectif précis
4. Wrapping with concat(' and ') gives concat('Épargne en vue d', "'", 'un objectif précis'),

恰好是您可以使用占位符将其放入XPath表达式中的字符串，如下所示:

which is exactly the string you can put into an XPath expression with a placeholder, like this one:

${dropdown_selection_first_part_xpath} =  //ul[@id='xyz-ul']/li[contains(text(), 
${dropdown_selection_second_part_xpath} =  )]
${dropdown_xpath} =  //div[@id='xyz-widget']/div/div[2]/div[1]

${escaped_input_purpose_of_account} = (somehow to the 4 steps above)

${dropdown_selection_xpath} =  catenate  SEPARATOR=            ${dropdown_selection_first_part_xpath}    ${escaped_input_purpose_of_account}    ${dropdown_selection_second_part_xpath}

这种方法适用于所有输入(空字符串，不带引号的字符串，具有单引号和双引号的任意混合的字符串)，并且始终创建符合您期望的语法有效的XPath.

This approach works for all inputs (empty string, strings with no quotes, strings with any mix of single- and double quotes) and always creates syntactically valid XPath that does what you expect.

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