使用exec定义并从变量获取值会引发NameError [英] Using exec to define and get the value from variables raises NameError

问题描述

现在，我正在一个项目中，该项目将询问跑步者姓名(分别为1英里，2英里和5英里)，并以此为基础生成数据.要求是要有足够的条目供7个跑步者使用，但我想我可以通过使用 exec()添加添加任意数量的跑步者的功能.但是，当尝试从其中定义的变量读取数据时，我得到一个 NameError:未定义名称'entry2'，但没有为 entry0 和 entry1 ，所以我想知道是否有人可以帮助我解决这些问题.如果有帮助，我不一定需要使用 exec()来创建它们，但这是我所知道的可以定义变量并随后从中读取的内容.

Right now I'm working on a project that will ask for a runner's name, 1 mile, 2 mile, and 5 miles times and generate data based off that. The requirement is to have enough entries for 7 runners but I thought I'd add the ability to add any number of runners by using exec(). However, when trying to read data from the variables defined within them, I get a NameError: name 'entry2' is not defined but not for entry0 and entry1, so I was wondering if anyone could help me out on these. In case it helps, I don't necessarily need to use exec() to create them but it was what I knew could define variables and later read from them.

所有代码:

from UsefulFunctions import setup_screen, clear_window # just some of my functions, pretty obvious what they do
from tkinter import *

class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        Frame.__init__(self,master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()
        
    def create_widgets(self):
        Label(self,text='Enter how many runners you\' entering times for:').grid()
        numOfRunners=Entry(self);numOfRunners.grid()
        var = IntVar()
        test = Button(self, text = "Submit", command = lambda: var.set(1)); test.grid()
        while True:
            try:
                test.wait_variable(var)
                numOfRunners=int(numOfRunners.get())
                break
            except ValueError:
                Label(self,text='Make sure that you use a number like \'4\', not \'four\'!').grid(row=3)
        clear_window(self)
        
        Label(self,text='Input').grid(row=0,column=0,sticky=W)
        for i in range(numOfRunners):
            columnNum=0
            Label(self,text='Runner Name').grid(row=(i*2)+1,column=0,sticky=W)
            Label(self,text='1 Mile Mark Time').grid(row=(i*2)+1,column=1,sticky=W)
            Label(self,text='2 Mile Mark Time').grid(row=(i*2)+1,column=2,sticky=W)
            Label(self,text='5k Time').grid(row=(i*2)+1,column=3,sticky=W)
            for col in range(4):
                exec('entry%s=Entry(self);entry%s.grid(row=%s,column=%s)' % (str(i),str(i),str((i*2)+2),str(col)))
        runnerNames=[]
        oneMile=[]
        twoMile=[]
        fiveK=[]
        var = IntVar()
        submitButton = Button(self, text = "Submit", command = lambda: var.set(1)); submitButton.grid(sticky=W)
        submitButton.wait_variable(var)
        
        for i in range(numOfRunners*4):
            exec("print('entry%s.get() = ' + entry%s.get())" % (i,i))
        
        self.calculate(runnerNames,oneMile,twoMile,fiveK)
        
    def calculate(self,runnerNames,oneMile,twoMile,fiveK):
        print(runnerNames)
        print(oneMile)
        print(twoMile)
        print(fiveK)
        
root =Tk()
root.title("AT Pace Check Times")
setup_screen(root, 800, 400)
app = Application(root)
root.mainloop()

这是完整的错误日志:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/122224/Desktop/Computer Programming/Python 3.x/Assignments/Programming 2/8/9_15 Computing 5k Mile Splits/main.py", line 70, in <module>
    app = Application(root)
  File "/Users/122224/Desktop/Computer Programming/Python 3.x/Assignments/Programming 2/8/9_15 Computing 5k Mile Splits/main.py", line 12, in __init__
    self.create_widgets()
  File "/Users/122224/Desktop/Computer Programming/Python 3.x/Assignments/Programming 2/8/9_15 Computing 5k Mile Splits/main.py", line 48, in create_widgets
    exec("print('entry%s.get() = ' + entry%s.get())" % (i,i))
  File "/Users/122224/Desktop/Computer Programming/Python 3.x/Assignments/Programming 2/8/9_15 Computing 5k Mile Splits/main.py", line 1, in <module>
    try:
NameError: name 'entry2' is not defined

推荐答案

万一有人在意，那是因为我使用的是旧变量 i ，并且没有将其设置为 0或使用其他变量.

In case anyone cares it was because I was using an older variable i and didn't either set it to 0 or use another variable.

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