如何在Python中创建递增的文件名? [英] How do I create an incrementing filename in Python?

问题描述

我正在创建一个程序，该程序将创建一个文件并将其保存为文件名sample.xml.当我再次尝试运行该程序时，一旦文件被保存，它会将旧文件覆盖为新文件，因为它们确实具有相同的文件名.如何增加文件名，以便每当我再次尝试运行代码时，都会增加文件名.并且不会覆盖现有的.我正在考虑先检查目录中的文件名，如果它们相同，代码将生成一个新的文件名:

I'm creating a program that will create a file and save it to the directory with the filename sample.xml. Once the file is saved when i try to run the program again it overwrites the old file into the new one because they do have the same file name. How do I increment the file names so that whenever I try to run the code again it will going to increment the file name. and will not overwrite the existing one. I am thinking of checking the filename first on the directory and if they are the same the code will generate a new filename:

fh = open("sample.xml", "w")
rs = [blockresult]
fh.writelines(rs)
fh.close()

推荐答案

例如，我将遍历 sample [int] .xml 并获取文件或文件未使用的下一个可用名称.目录.

I would iterate through sample[int].xml for example and grab the next available name that is not used by a file or directory.

import os

i = 0
while os.path.exists("sample%s.xml" % i):
    i += 1

fh = open("sample%s.xml" % i, "w")
....

最初应该为您提供 sample0.xml ，然后为您提供 sample1.xml ，依此类推.

That should give you sample0.xml initially, then sample1.xml, etc.

请注意，默认情况下，相对文件表示法与您从中运行代码的文件目录/文件夹有关.如有必要，请使用绝对路径.使用 os.getcwd()读取您的当前目录，并使用 os.chdir(path_to_dir)设置新的当前目录.

Note that the relative file notation by default relates to the file directory/folder you run the code from. Use absolute paths if necessary. Use os.getcwd() to read your current dir and os.chdir(path_to_dir) to set a new current dir.

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