Django:使用实例初始化自定义表单的FormSet [英] Django: Initializing a FormSet of custom forms with instances

问题描述

给出以下模型:

class Graph(models.Model):
    owner = models.ForeignKey(User)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%d' % self.id

class Point(models.Model):
    graph = models.ForeignKey(Graph) 
    date  = models.DateField(primary_key = True)
    abs   = models.FloatField(null = True)
    avg   = models.FloatField(null = True)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return u'%s' % self.date

我正在尝试创建一个用于编辑点列表的表单.HTML输入标签需要设置其他属性，因此我使用以下自定义形式:

I am trying to create a form for editing lists of Points. The HTML input tags require additional attributes to be set, so I am using the following custom form:

class PointForm(forms.ModelForm):
    graph = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset = Graph.objects.all(),
                                   widget   = forms.HiddenInput())
    date  = forms.DateField(widget = forms.HiddenInput(), label = 'date')
    abs   = forms.FloatField(widget = forms.TextInput(
                                      attrs = {'class': 'abs-field'}),
                            required = False)

    class Meta:
        model  = Point
        fields = ('graph', 'date', 'abs')  # Other fields are not edited.

    def pretty_date(self):
        return self.data.strftime('%B')

这时我不知道如何将Point类的实例传递给FormSet:

At this point I do not know how to pass instances of the Point class to a FormSet:

def edit(request):
    PointFormSet = forms.formsets.formset_factory(PointForm, extra = 0)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        return

    # Receive 3 points to edit from the database.
    graph, res = Graph.objects.get_or_create(id = 1)
    one_day    = datetime.timedelta(days = 1)
    today      = datetime.date.today()
    do_edit    = []
    for date in [today - (x * one_day) for x in range(3)]:
        point, res = Point.objects.get_or_create(graph = graph, date = date)
        do_edit.append(point)

    formset = PointFormSet(????) # How is this initialized with the points?

我发现了一种可以起到一定作用的黑客工具，但是稍后在尝试处理生成的POST数据时会导致错误:

I found a hack that somewhat works, but it leads to errors later on when trying to process the resulting POST data:

do_edit = []
for date in [today - (x * one_day) for x in range(3)]:
    point, res    = Point.objects.get_or_create(graph = graph, date = date)
    data          = point.__dict__.copy()
    data['graph'] = graph
    do_edit.append(data)

formset = PointFormSet(initial = do_edit)

这如何正确完成?

作为参考，我的模板如下所示:

For the reference, my template looks like this:

<form action="" method="post">
{{ formset.management_form }}
<table>
    <tbody>
    {% for form in formset.forms %}
        <tr>
            <td>{{ form.graph }} {{ form.date }} {{ form.pretty_date }}:</td>
            <td width="100%">{{ form.abs }}</td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>
</form>

推荐答案

诀窍是使用"ModelFormset"而不是仅使用表单集，因为它们允许使用查询集进行初始化.这些文档是此处，您可以做什么在创建模型表单集时提供一个form = *，在实例化表单集时提供queryset = *.form = *争论没有得到充分的记录(必须在代码中进行一些挖掘以确保它确实存在).

The trick is to use a "ModelFormset" instead of just a formset since they allow initialization with a queryset. The docs are here, what you do is provide a form=* when creating the model formset and queryset=* when your instantiating the formset. The form=* arguement is not well documented (had to dig around in the code a little to make sure it is actually there).

def edit(request):
    PointFormSet = modelformset_factory(Point, form = PointForm)
    qset = Point.objects.all() #or however your getting your Points to modify
    formset = PointFormset(queryset = qset)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        #deal with posting the data
        formset = PointFormset(request.POST)
        if formset.is_valid():
            #if it is not valid then the "errors" will fall through and be returned
            formset.save()
        return #to your redirect

    context_dict = {'formset':formset,
                    #other context info
                    }

    return render_to_response('your_template.html', context_dict)

因此，代码很容易遍历.如果请求是GET，则将实例化的表单返回给用户.如果请求是POST，并且表单是 not .is_valid()，则错误掉线"并在同一模板中返回.如果请求是POST且数据有效，那么将保存表单集.

So the code walks through easily. If the request is a GET then the instantiated form is returned to the user. If the request is a POST and the form is not .is_valid() then the errors "fall through" and are returned in the same template. If the request is a POST and the data is valid then the formset is saved.

希望有帮助.

-将

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