将参数传递给函数-推入或寄存器 [英] Passing parameters to a function -- push or registers

问题描述

我想编写一个函数，执行以下操作:

I want to write a function that does something like:

def addme(x, y):
    return x + y

我知道已经有关于此的指令，但是我正在练习如何在函数中传递args.传递args的正确方法是什么?我看过类似的东西:

I know there is already an instruction for this, but I'm practicing how to pass args in a function. What would be the proper way to pass args? I have seen something like:

# addme(5,2)
push $2
push $5
call addme
add $16, %rsp

这是传递args的正确方法，方法是将它们以相反的顺序推入 stack ，然后在执行函数调用后重设堆栈指针?我还听说了参数是在％rdi，％rsi，... 中传递的.一种是正确的，另一种是不正确的，或者正确的方法是什么?

Is this the correct way to pass in args, by pushing them to the stack in reverse order and then after doing the function call resetting the stack pointer? I have also heard that the parameters are passed in %rdi, %rsi, .... Is one correct and the other is incorrect, or what is the proper way to do this?

推荐答案

这是传递args的正确方法吗?

Is this the correct way to pass in args ...

这取决于通话惯例:

对于64位x86 Windows程序，参数在寄存器 rcx ， rdx ， r8 和 r9 .

For 64-bit x86 Windows programs the arguments are passed in registers rcx, rdx, r8 and r9.

对于64位x86 Linux程序，寄存器 rdi ， rsi ， rcx ， rdx ，<使用code> r8 和 r9 .

And for 64-bit x86 Linux programs the registers rdi, rsi, rcx, rdx, r8 and r9 are used.

但是，尤其是在16位DOS和Windows中，以及在32位Windows中，混合使用不同的调用约定是很常见的.

However, especially in 16-bit DOS and Windows but also in 32-bit Windows it was common to mix up different calling conventions.

在64位Windows或Linux上仍然可以这样做:

This is still possible in 64-bit Windows or Linux:

如果您编写自己的编译器或完全用汇编语言编写程序，则可以决定对某些函数使用不同的调用约定-例如，如果函数名开头为，则在堆栈上传递所有参数而不是寄存器 onstk _ .

If you write your own compiler or if you write your program completely in assembly language, you can decide to use a different calling convention for certain functions - for example passing all arguments on the stack instead of registers if the function name begins with onstk_.

如果我正确理解了您的示例，则您不会使用C或C ++，而是会使用Python之类的语言.

If I understand your example correctly, you don't use C or C++ but some language like Python.

我知道某些编程语言(例如Java或Matlab；我不了解Python)在本机"语言中使用完全不同的调用约定.(编译或汇编)代码被调用.所以也许您必须以完全不同的方式传递参数.

I know that some programming languages (like Java or Matlab; I don't know about Python) use a completely different calling convention when "native" (compiled or assembly) code is called. So maybe you'll have to pass the arguments in a completely different way.

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