从另一个文件中删除包含字符串的文件中的所有行 [英] remove all lines in a file containing a string from another file

问题描述

我想基于匹配另一个文件中的字符串来删除文件的所有行.这是我使用过的内容，但只删除了一些内容:

I'd like to remove all the lines of a file based on matching a string from another file. This is what I have used but it only deletes some:

grep -vFf to_delete.csv inputfile.csv > output.csv

这是我的输入文件(inputfile.csv)中的示例行:

Here are sample lines from my input file (inputfile.csv):

Ata,Aqu,Ama3,Abe,0.053475,0.025,0.1,0.11275,0.1,0.15,0.83377
Ata135,Aru2,Aba301,A29,0.055525,0.025,0.1,0.082825,0.075,0.125
Ata135,Atb,Aca,Am54,0.14695,0.1,0.2,0.05255,0.025,0.075,0.8005,
Adc,Aru7,Ama301,Agr84,0.002075,0,0.025,0.240075,0.2,0.

例如，我的文件"to_delete.csv"如下所示:

My file "to_delete.csv" looks like this for example:

Aqu
Aca

因此，具有这些字符串的任何行都应删除，在这种情况下，第1行和第3行应删除.所需输出样本:

So any line with those strings should get deleted, in this case, lines 1 and 3 should get deleted. Sample desired output:

Ata135,Aru2,Aba301,A29,0.055525,0.025,0.1,0.082825,0.075,0.125
Adc,Aru7,Ama301,Agr84,0.002075,0,0.025,0.240075,0.2,0.

推荐答案

由于OP在他的文件中包含回车符，所以现在也为此添加解决方案./p>

Since OP had carriage characters in his files so adding solution for that too now.

cat -v Input_file     ##To check if carriage returns are there or not.
tr -d '\r' < Input_file > temp_file  &&  mv temp_file Input_file

由于您不清楚Input_file的样本和预期的输出，因此无法完全对其进行测试，因此请尝试以下方法.(如果您对 awk 没问题)，请附加>临时文件&&代码中的mv temp_file Input_file 可以将输出保存到Input_file本身.

Since your samples of Input_file and expected output is not clear so couldn't fully test it, could you please try following.(if you are ok with awk), append > temp_file && mv temp_file Input_file in code to save output into Input_file itself.

awk -F, 'FNR==NR{a[$0];next} {for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){if($i in a){next}}} 1'  to_delete.csv  Input_file  > temp_file  && mv temp_file  Input_file

说明: 现在也为上述代码添加了说明.

Explanation: Adding explanation for above code too now.

awk -F, '                          ##Setting field separator as comma here.
FNR==NR{                           ##checking condition FNR==NR which will be TRUE when first Input_file is being read.
  a[$0]                            ##Creating an array named a whose index is $0.
  next                             ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
{
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){              ##Starting a for loop from value i=1 to till value of NF.
     if($i in a){                  ##checking if $i is present in array a if yes then go into this condition block.
       next                        ##next will skip all further statements(since we DO NOt want to print any matching contents)
     }                             ##Closing if block now.
  }                                ##Closing for block here.
}                                  ##Closing block which should be executed for 2nd Input_file here.
1                                  ##awk works on pattern and action method so making condition TRUE here and not mentioning any action so by default print of current line will happen.
'  to_delete.csv  Input_file       ##Mentioning Input_file names here now.

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