针织钩可分隔000英寸，但不能分隔多年 [英] knitr hook to separate 000's, but not for years

问题描述

我在 rnw 的顶部定义一个钩子，以逗号分隔'000':

  knit_hooks $ set(inline = function(x){prettyNum(x，big.mark =，")}) 

但是，有些数字我不想这样格式化，例如年份.在下面的示例中，当我打印 \ Sexpr {nocomma} 时，是否有更好的写钩子的方法，或者重写钩子的方法?

  \ documentclass {article}\ begin {document}<< setup>> =图书馆(针织)options(scipen = 999)#关闭数字的科学记数法opts_chunk $ set(echo = FALSE，警告= FALSE，消息= FALSE)knit_hooks $ set(inline = function(x){prettyNum(x，big.mark =，")})Wantcomma<-1234 * 5nocomma<-"2014年9月1日"@该钩子将\ Sexpr {wantcomma}和\ Sexpr {nocomma}分开，但是我不想分开年份.\ end {document} 

输出:

该钩子将分隔6,170和9月1日2,014，但是我不想分隔年份.

解决方案

如果您不希望用逗号分隔的唯一内容是使用了多年的 strings ，请使用:

  knit_hooks $ set(inline = function(x){if(is.numeric(x)){return(prettyNum(x，big.mark =，"))}别的{返回(x)}}) 

适用于您的日历字符串.但是，假设您只想自己打印年份数字?好吧，如何使用上面的钩子并将其转换为字符:

  \ Sexpr {2014}呢?％感到困惑\ Sexpr {as.character(2014)}呢?％不感到惊讶 

或可能(未试用):

  \ Sexpr {paste(2014)}呢?％不感到惊讶 

它将标量转换为字符，并节省了一些键入操作.虽然我们在这里没有打高尔夫……

或者是基于类的方法:

 逗号<-函数(x){structure(x，class =逗号")}nocomma<-函数(x){structure(x，class ="nocomma")}options(scipen = 999)#关闭数字的科学记数法opts_chunk $ set(echo = FALSE，警告= FALSE，消息= FALSE)knit_hooks $ set(inline = function(x){if(inherits(x，逗号"))return(prettyNum(x，big.mark =，"))if(inherits(x，"nocomma"))return(x)return(x)#默认})Wantcomma<-1234 * 5nocomma1<-"2014年9月1日"#此处更改注释名称以不与功能冲突 

然后只需将您的 Sexpr 包装在逗号或 nocomma 中，例如:

 挂钩将\ Sexpr {逗号(wantcomma)}和\ Sexpr {nocomma(nocomma1)}分开，但是我不想分开年份. 

如果您想让默认值逗号化，则将注释为#default"的行更改为使用 prettyNum .尽管我在想，我对此过于复杂了，并且逗号和 nocomma 函数只可以自己计算字符串格式，然后就完全不需要钩子了./p>

在不确切知道您的案件的情况下，我认为我们无法编写一个推断逗号分隔方案的函数-例如，它必须知道"2013年的1342个案件"需要第一个数字而不是第二个数字...

I define a hook at the top of my rnw to separate '000s with commas:

knit_hooks$set(inline = function(x) {
      prettyNum(x, big.mark=",")
    })

However, there are some numbers that I don't want to format like this, such as years. Is there a better way to write the hook, or a way to override the hook when I print \Sexpr{nocomma} in the example below?

\documentclass{article}

\begin{document}

<<setup>>=
  library(knitr)
  options(scipen=999) # turn off scientific notation for numbers
  opts_chunk$set(echo=FALSE, warning=FALSE, message=FALSE)
  knit_hooks$set(inline = function(x) {
      prettyNum(x, big.mark=",")
    })
  wantcomma <- 1234*5
  nocomma <- "September 1, 2014"
@

The hook will separate \Sexpr{wantcomma} and \Sexpr{nocomma}, but I don't want to separate years.

\end{document}

Output:

The hook will separate 6,170 and September 1, 2,014, but I don’t want to separate years.

解决方案

If the only things your don't want comma-separated are strings that have years in, use:

  knit_hooks$set(inline = function(x) {
      if(is.numeric(x)){
          return(prettyNum(x, big.mark=","))
      }else{
          return(x)
       }
   })

That works for your calendar string. But suppose you want to just print a year number on its own? Well, how about using the above hook and converting to character:

What about \Sexpr{2014}?   % gets commad
What about \Sexpr{as.character(2014)}?   % not commad

or possibly (untested):

What about \Sexpr{paste(2014)}?   % not commad

which converts the scalar to character and saves a bit of typing. We're not playing code golf here though...

Alternatively a class-based method:

  comma <- function(x){structure(x,class="comma")}
  nocomma <- function(x){structure(x,class="nocomma")}

  options(scipen=999) # turn off scientific notation for numbers
  opts_chunk$set(echo=FALSE, warning=FALSE, message=FALSE)
  knit_hooks$set(inline = function(x) {
      if(inherits(x,"comma")) return(prettyNum(x, big.mark=","))
      if(inherits(x,"nocomma")) return(x)
      return(x) # default
    })
  wantcomma <- 1234*5
  nocomma1 <- "September 1, 2014"  # note name change here to not clash with function

Then just wrap your Sexpr in either comma or nocomma like:

 The hook will separate \Sexpr{comma(wantcomma)} and \Sexpr{nocomma(nocomma1)}, but I don't want to separate years.

If you want the default to commaify then change the line commented "# default" to use prettyNum. Although I'm thinking I've overcomplicated this and the comma and nocomma functions could just compute the string format themselves and then you wouldn't need a hook at all.

Without knowing exactly your cases I don't think we can write a function that infers the comma-sep scheme - for example it would have to know that "1342 cases in 2013" needs its first number commad and not its second...

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