这些内存区域在Linux进程中的作用是什么? [英] What these memory regions for, from a Linux process?
本文介绍了这些内存区域在Linux进程中的作用是什么?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我发现我的一个进程(约90个线程)使用的内存大于8G，我认为它不需要这么大的内存.
I discover one of my processes (~90 threads) use >8G memory and I do not think it requires such large.
因此，我阅读了/proc/{pid}/maps ，/proc/{pid}/smaps 和 pstack {pid} .我不知道那些大的 63M + 508K 区域是怎么来的，它们是做什么用的，我可以通过以某种方式抹掉它们来减少内存使用吗?
Therefore, I read the /proc/{pid}/maps, /proc/{pid}/smaps and pstack {pid}. I wonder how those large 63M+508K regions come from, and what they are for, and can I reduce my memory usage by effacing them in some way?
我发现区域几乎分为三类:
I find out the regions are almost in three categories:
-
4xxx000-4xxxx000:线程堆栈? 313xxxx000-313xxxx000:lib 文本和数据?-
2xxxxxxxx000-2xxxxxxxx000:许多令人困惑的(64M + ... + 63M + 508K)块.这种区域的数量非常接近线程的数量.那么这些大区域与线程相关吗?
4xxx000-4xxxx000: thread stacks?313xxxx000-313xxxx000: lib text and data?2xxxxxxxx000-2xxxxxxxx000: many confusing (64M+...+63M+508K) blocks. The number of this kind of regions is very close to the number of the threads. So are these large regions related to threads?
这是我合并/proc/{pid}/maps 和 pstack {pid}的结果之后的结果|grep线程:
(如果，我将位于该区域内部(我想 * Thread ??(线程0x @@@@@@@@@@@@(LWP !!!!))* 放在每个区域的末尾0x @@@@@@@@@@ @@@@@ 是线程堆栈的基础，因此该区域是线程堆栈的区域.)
(I place the *Thread ?? (Thread 0x@@@@@@@@@@ (LWP !!!!))* at the end of each region if 0x@@@@@@@@ locates inside this region (I guess @@@@ is the thread stack base and thus that region is the for the thread stack.)
Region 0: 18M, 00400000-01675000 r-xp 00000000 08:02 5401 /mybinary
Region 1: 236K, 01875000-018b0000 rw-p 01275000 08:02 5401 /mybinary
Region 2: 456K, 018b0000-01922000 rw-p 018b0000 00:00 0
Region 3: 741M, 11b46000-4006c000 rw-p 11b46000 00:00 0 [heap]
Region 4: 4K, 40084000-40085000 ---p 40084000 00:00 0
Region 5: 512K, 40085000-40105000 rw-p 40085000 00:00 0 *Thread 53 (Thread 0x40104940 (LWP 1281))*
Region 6: 4K, 40222000-40223000 ---p 40222000 00:00 0
Region 7: 512K, 40223000-402a3000 rw-p 40223000 00:00 0 *Thread 57 (Thread 0x402a2940 (LWP 1277))*
Region 8: 4K, 40338000-40339000 ---p 40338000 00:00 0
Region 9: 512K, 40339000-403b9000 rw-p 40339000 00:00 0 *Thread 52 (Thread 0x403b8940 (LWP 1282))*
Region 10: 4K, 403b9000-403ba000 ---p 403b9000 00:00 0
Region 11: 1M, 403ba000-404ba000 rw-p 403ba000 00:00 0 *Thread 31 (Thread 0x404b9940 (LWP 1303))*
Region 12: 4K, 404ba000-404bb000 ---p 404ba000 00:00 0
Region 13: 1M, 404bb000-405bb000 rw-p 404bb000 00:00 0 *Thread 2 (Thread 0x405ba940 (LWP 26786))*
Region 14: 4K, 40759000-4075a000 ---p 40759000 00:00 0
Region 15: 512K, 4075a000-407da000 rw-p 4075a000 00:00 0 *Thread 84 (Thread 0x407d9940 (LWP 1239))*
Region 16: 4K, 407da000-407db000 ---p 407da000 00:00 0
Region 17: 512K, 407db000-4085b000 rw-p 407db000 00:00 0 *Thread 51 (Thread 0x4085a940 (LWP 1283))*
Region 18: 4K, 4085b000-4085c000 ---p 4085b000 00:00 0
Region 19: 1M, 4085c000-4095c000 rw-p 4085c000 00:00 0 *Thread 50 (Thread 0x4095b940 (LWP 1284))*
Region 20: 4K, 4095c000-4095d000 ---p 4095c000 00:00 0
Region 21: 512K, 4095d000-409dd000 rw-p 4095d000 00:00 0 *Thread 32 (Thread 0x409dc940 (LWP 1302))*
Region 22: 4K, 409dd000-409de000 ---p 409dd000 00:00 0
Region 23: 1M, 409de000-40ade000 rw-p 409de000 00:00 0 *Thread 24 (Thread 0x40add940 (LWP 26764))*
Region 24: 4K, 40b9f000-40ba0000 ---p 40b9f000 00:00 0
Region 25: 1M, 40ba0000-40ca0000 rw-p 40ba0000 00:00 0 *Thread 83 (Thread 0x40c9f940 (LWP 1240))*
Region 26: 4K, 40ca0000-40ca1000 ---p 40ca0000 00:00 0
Region 27: 1M, 40ca1000-40da1000 rw-p 40ca1000 00:00 0 *Thread 82 (Thread 0x40da0940 (LWP 1241))*
Region 28: 4K, 40da1000-40da2000 ---p 40da1000 00:00 0
Region 29: 1M, 40da2000-40ea2000 rw-p 40da2000 00:00 0 *Thread 30 (Thread 0x40ea1940 (LWP 1304))*
Region 30: 4K, 40eea000-40eeb000 ---p 40eea000 00:00 0
Region 31: 1M, 40eeb000-40feb000 rw-p 40eeb000 00:00 0 *Thread 87 (Thread 0x40fea940 (LWP 1235))*
Region 32: 4K, 40feb000-40fec000 ---p 40feb000 00:00 0
Region 33: 512K, 40fec000-4106c000 rw-p 40fec000 00:00 0 *Thread 47 (Thread 0x4106b940 (LWP 1287))*
Region 34: 4K, 4106c000-4106d000 ---p 4106c000 00:00 0
Region 35: 1M, 4106d000-4116d000 rw-p 4106d000 00:00 0 *Thread 23 (Thread 0x4116c940 (LWP 26765))*
Region 36: 4K, 41218000-41219000 ---p 41218000 00:00 0
Region 37: 1M, 41219000-41319000 rw-p 41219000 00:00 0 *Thread 81 (Thread 0x41318940 (LWP 1242))*
Region 38: 4K, 41319000-4131a000 ---p 41319000 00:00 0
Region 39: 512K, 4131a000-4139a000 rw-p 4131a000 00:00 0 *Thread 62 (Thread 0x41399940 (LWP 1263))*
Region 40: 4K, 4139a000-4139b000 ---p 4139a000 00:00 0
Region 41: 1M, 4139b000-4149b000 rw-p 4139b000 00:00 0 *Thread 61 (Thread 0x4149a940 (LWP 1264))*
Region 42: 4K, 4154b000-4154c000 ---p 4154b000 00:00 0
Region 43: 1M, 4154c000-4164c000 rw-p 4154c000 00:00 0 *Thread 71 (Thread 0x4164b940 (LWP 1252))*
Region 44: 4K, 4168b000-4168c000 ---p 4168b000 00:00 0
Region 45: 1M, 4168c000-4178c000 rw-p 4168c000 00:00 0 *Thread 89 (Thread 0x4178b940 (LWP 1233))*
Region 46: 4K, 4178c000-4178d000 ---p 4178c000 00:00 0
Region 47: 1M, 4178d000-4188d000 rw-p 4178d000 00:00 0 *Thread 88 (Thread 0x4188c940 (LWP 1234))*
Region 48: 4K, 4188d000-4188e000 ---p 4188d000 00:00 0
Region 49: 1M, 4188e000-4198e000 rw-p 4188e000 00:00 0 *Thread 70 (Thread 0x4198d940 (LWP 1253))*
Region 50: 4K, 4198e000-4198f000 ---p 4198e000 00:00 0
Region 51: 1M, 4198f000-41a8f000 rw-p 4198f000 00:00 0 *Thread 69 (Thread 0x41a8e940 (LWP 1254))*
Region 52: 4K, 41a8f000-41a90000 ---p 41a8f000 00:00 0
Region 53: 1M, 41a90000-41b90000 rw-p 41a90000 00:00 0 *Thread 68 (Thread 0x41b8f940 (LWP 1255))*
Region 54: 4K, 41b90000-41b91000 ---p 41b90000 00:00 0
Region 55: 1M, 41b91000-41c91000 rw-p 41b91000 00:00 0 *Thread 67 (Thread 0x41c90940 (LWP 1256))*
Region 56: 4K, 41c91000-41c92000 ---p 41c91000 00:00 0
Region 57: 512K, 41c92000-41d12000 rw-p 41c92000 00:00 0 *Thread 66 (Thread 0x41d11940 (LWP 1257))*
Region 58: 4K, 41d30000-41d31000 ---p 41d30000 00:00 0
Region 59: 512K, 41d31000-41db1000 rw-p 41d31000 00:00 0 *Thread 86 (Thread 0x41db0940 (LWP 1237))*
Region 60: 4K, 41db1000-41db2000 ---p 41db1000 00:00 0
Region 61: 512K, 41db2000-41e32000 rw-p 41db2000 00:00 0 *Thread 85 (Thread 0x41e31940 (LWP 1238))*
Region 62: 4K, 41e32000-41e33000 ---p 41e32000 00:00 0
Region 63: 1M, 41e33000-41f33000 rw-p 41e33000 00:00 0 *Thread 64 (Thread 0x41f32940 (LWP 1261))*
Region 64: 4K, 41f33000-41f34000 ---p 41f33000 00:00 0
Region 65: 512K, 41f34000-41fb4000 rw-p 41f34000 00:00 0 *Thread 63 (Thread 0x41fb3940 (LWP 1262))*
Region 66: 4K, 41fb7000-41fb8000 ---p 41fb7000 00:00 0
Region 67: 1M, 41fb8000-420b8000 rw-p 41fb8000 00:00 0 *Thread 80 (Thread 0x420b7940 (LWP 1243))*
Region 68: 4K, 420b8000-420b9000 ---p 420b8000 00:00 0
Region 69: 1M, 420b9000-421b9000 rw-p 420b9000 00:00 0 *Thread 79 (Thread 0x421b8940 (LWP 1244))*
Region 70: 4K, 421b9000-421ba000 ---p 421b9000 00:00 0
Region 71: 1M, 421ba000-422ba000 rw-p 421ba000 00:00 0 *Thread 78 (Thread 0x422b9940 (LWP 1245))*
Region 72: 4K, 422ba000-422bb000 ---p 422ba000 00:00 0
Region 73: 1M, 422bb000-423bb000 rw-p 422bb000 00:00 0 *Thread 77 (Thread 0x423ba940 (LWP 1246))*
Region 74: 4K, 423bb000-423bc000 ---p 423bb000 00:00 0
Region 75: 1M, 423bc000-424bc000 rw-p 423bc000 00:00 0 *Thread 76 (Thread 0x424bb940 (LWP 1247))*
Region 76: 4K, 424bc000-424bd000 ---p 424bc000 00:00 0
Region 77: 1M, 424bd000-425bd000 rw-p 424bd000 00:00 0 *Thread 75 (Thread 0x425bc940 (LWP 1248))*
Region 78: 4K, 425bd000-425be000 ---p 425bd000 00:00 0
Region 79: 1M, 425be000-426be000 rw-p 425be000 00:00 0 *Thread 74 (Thread 0x426bd940 (LWP 1249))*
Region 80: 4K, 426be000-426bf000 ---p 426be000 00:00 0
Region 81: 1M, 426bf000-427bf000 rw-p 426bf000 00:00 0 *Thread 73 (Thread 0x427be940 (LWP 1250))*
Region 82: 4K, 427bf000-427c0000 ---p 427bf000 00:00 0
Region 83: 1M, 427c0000-428c0000 rw-p 427c0000 00:00 0 *Thread 72 (Thread 0x428bf940 (LWP 1251))*
Region 84: 4K, 428c0000-428c1000 ---p 428c0000 00:00 0
Region 85: 1M, 428c1000-429c1000 rw-p 428c1000 00:00 0 *Thread 65 (Thread 0x429c0940 (LWP 1260))*
Region 86: 4K, 429c1000-429c2000 ---p 429c1000 00:00 0
Region 87: 1M, 429c2000-42ac2000 rw-p 429c2000 00:00 0 *Thread 60 (Thread 0x42ac1940 (LWP 1265))*
Region 88: 4K, 42ac2000-42ac3000 ---p 42ac2000 00:00 0
Region 89: 1M, 42ac3000-42bc3000 rw-p 42ac3000 00:00 0 *Thread 59 (Thread 0x42bc2940 (LWP 1266))*
Region 90: 4K, 42bc3000-42bc4000 ---p 42bc3000 00:00 0
Region 91: 512K, 42bc4000-42c44000 rw-p 42bc4000 00:00 0 *Thread 58 (Thread 0x42c43940 (LWP 1267))*
Region 92: 4K, 42c44000-42c45000 ---p 42c44000 00:00 0
Region 93: 1M, 42c45000-42d45000 rw-p 42c45000 00:00 0 *Thread 56 (Thread 0x42d44940 (LWP 1278))*
Region 94: 4K, 42d45000-42d46000 ---p 42d45000 00:00 0
Region 95: 1M, 42d46000-42e46000 rw-p 42d46000 00:00 0 *Thread 55 (Thread 0x42e45940 (LWP 1279))*
Region 96: 4K, 42e46000-42e47000 ---p 42e46000 00:00 0
Region 97: 1M, 42e47000-42f47000 rw-p 42e47000 00:00 0 *Thread 54 (Thread 0x42f46940 (LWP 1280))*
Region 98: 4K, 42f47000-42f48000 ---p 42f47000 00:00 0
Region 99: 1M, 42f48000-43048000 rw-p 42f48000 00:00 0 *Thread 49 (Thread 0x43047940 (LWP 1285))*
Region 100: 4K, 43048000-43049000 ---p 43048000 00:00 0
Region 101: 1M, 43049000-43149000 rw-p 43049000 00:00 0 *Thread 48 (Thread 0x43148940 (LWP 1286))*
Region 102: 4K, 43149000-4314a000 ---p 43149000 00:00 0
Region 103: 1M, 4314a000-4324a000 rw-p 4314a000 00:00 0 *Thread 46 (Thread 0x43249940 (LWP 1288))*
Region 104: 4K, 4324a000-4324b000 ---p 4324a000 00:00 0
Region 105: 1M, 4324b000-4334b000 rw-p 4324b000 00:00 0 *Thread 45 (Thread 0x4334a940 (LWP 1289))*
Region 106: 4K, 4334b000-4334c000 ---p 4334b000 00:00 0
Region 107: 1M, 4334c000-4344c000 rw-p 4334c000 00:00 0 *Thread 44 (Thread 0x4344b940 (LWP 1290))*
Region 108: 4K, 4344c000-4344d000 ---p 4344c000 00:00 0
Region 109: 1M, 4344d000-4354d000 rw-p 4344d000 00:00 0 *Thread 43 (Thread 0x4354c940 (LWP 1291))*
Region 110: 4K, 4354d000-4354e000 ---p 4354d000 00:00 0
Region 111: 1M, 4354e000-4364e000 rw-p 4354e000 00:00 0 *Thread 42 (Thread 0x4364d940 (LWP 1292))*
Region 112: 4K, 4364e000-4364f000 ---p 4364e000 00:00 0
Region 113: 1M, 4364f000-4374f000 rw-p 4364f000 00:00 0 *Thread 41 (Thread 0x4374e940 (LWP 1293))*
Region 114: 4K, 4374f000-43750000 ---p 4374f000 00:00 0
Region 115: 1M, 43750000-43850000 rw-p 43750000 00:00 0 *Thread 40 (Thread 0x4384f940 (LWP 1294))*
Region 116: 4K, 43850000-43851000 ---p 43850000 00:00 0
Region 117: 1M, 43851000-43951000 rw-p 43851000 00:00 0 *Thread 39 (Thread 0x43950940 (LWP 1295))*
Region 118: 4K, 43951000-43952000 ---p 43951000 00:00 0
Region 119: 1M, 43952000-43a52000 rw-p 43952000 00:00 0 *Thread 38 (Thread 0x43a51940 (LWP 1296))*
Region 120: 4K, 43a52000-43a53000 ---p 43a52000 00:00 0
Region 121: 1M, 43a53000-43b53000 rw-p 43a53000 00:00 0 *Thread 37 (Thread 0x43b52940 (LWP 1297))*
Region 122: 4K, 43b53000-43b54000 ---p 43b53000 00:00 0
Region 123: 1M, 43b54000-43c54000 rw-p 43b54000 00:00 0 *Thread 36 (Thread 0x43c53940 (LWP 1298))*
Region 124: 4K, 43c54000-43c55000 ---p 43c54000 00:00 0
Region 125: 1M, 43c55000-43d55000 rw-p 43c55000 00:00 0 *Thread 35 (Thread 0x43d54940 (LWP 1299))*
Region 126: 4K, 43d55000-43d56000 ---p 43d55000 00:00 0
Region 127: 1M, 43d56000-43e56000 rw-p 43d56000 00:00 0 *Thread 34 (Thread 0x43e55940 (LWP 1300))*
Region 128: 4K, 43e56000-43e57000 ---p 43e56000 00:00 0
Region 129: 1M, 43e57000-43f57000 rw-p 43e57000 00:00 0 *Thread 33 (Thread 0x43f56940 (LWP 1301))*
Region 130: 4K, 43f57000-43f58000 ---p 43f57000 00:00 0
Region 131: 1M, 43f58000-44058000 rw-p 43f58000 00:00 0 *Thread 29 (Thread 0x44057940 (LWP 7344))*
Region 132: 4K, 44058000-44059000 ---p 44058000 00:00 0
Region 133: 1M, 44059000-44159000 rw-p 44059000 00:00 0 *Thread 28 (Thread 0x44158940 (LWP 7345))*
Region 134: 4K, 44159000-4415a000 ---p 44159000 00:00 0
Region 135: 1M, 4415a000-4425a000 rw-p 4415a000 00:00 0 *Thread 27 (Thread 0x44259940 (LWP 7346))*
Region 136: 4K, 4425a000-4425b000 ---p 4425a000 00:00 0
Region 137: 1M, 4425b000-4435b000 rw-p 4425b000 00:00 0 *Thread 26 (Thread 0x4435a940 (LWP 7347))*
Region 138: 4K, 4435b000-4435c000 ---p 4435b000 00:00 0
Region 139: 1M, 4435c000-4445c000 rw-p 4435c000 00:00 0 *Thread 25 (Thread 0x4445b940 (LWP 7348))*
Region 140: 4K, 4445c000-4445d000 ---p 4445c000 00:00 0
Region 141: 512K, 4445d000-444dd000 rw-p 4445d000 00:00 0 *Thread 22 (Thread 0x444dc940 (LWP 26766))*
Region 142: 4K, 444dd000-444de000 ---p 444dd000 00:00 0
Region 143: 512K, 444de000-4455e000 rw-p 444de000 00:00 0 *Thread 21 (Thread 0x4455d940 (LWP 26767))*
Region 144: 4K, 4455e000-4455f000 ---p 4455e000 00:00 0
Region 145: 1M, 4455f000-4465f000 rw-p 4455f000 00:00 0 *Thread 20 (Thread 0x4465e940 (LWP 26768))*
Region 146: 4K, 4465f000-44660000 ---p 4465f000 00:00 0
Region 147: 1M, 44660000-44760000 rw-p 44660000 00:00 0 *Thread 19 (Thread 0x4475f940 (LWP 26769))*
Region 148: 4K, 44760000-44761000 ---p 44760000 00:00 0
Region 149: 1M, 44761000-44861000 rw-p 44761000 00:00 0 *Thread 18 (Thread 0x44860940 (LWP 26770))*
Region 150: 4K, 44861000-44862000 ---p 44861000 00:00 0
Region 151: 512K, 44862000-448e2000 rw-p 44862000 00:00 0 *Thread 17 (Thread 0x448e1940 (LWP 26771))*
Region 152: 4K, 448e2000-448e3000 ---p 448e2000 00:00 0
Region 153: 1M, 448e3000-449e3000 rw-p 448e3000 00:00 0 *Thread 16 (Thread 0x449e2940 (LWP 26772))*
Region 154: 4K, 449e3000-449e4000 ---p 449e3000 00:00 0
Region 155: 1M, 449e4000-44ae4000 rw-p 449e4000 00:00 0 *Thread 15 (Thread 0x44ae3940 (LWP 26773))*
Region 156: 4K, 44ae4000-44ae5000 ---p 44ae4000 00:00 0
Region 157: 1M, 44ae5000-44be5000 rw-p 44ae5000 00:00 0 *Thread 14 (Thread 0x44be4940 (LWP 26774))*
Region 158: 4K, 44be5000-44be6000 ---p 44be5000 00:00 0
Region 159: 1M, 44be6000-44ce6000 rw-p 44be6000 00:00 0 *Thread 13 (Thread 0x44ce5940 (LWP 26775))*
Region 160: 4K, 44ce6000-44ce7000 ---p 44ce6000 00:00 0
Region 161: 1M, 44ce7000-44de7000 rw-p 44ce7000 00:00 0 *Thread 12 (Thread 0x44de6940 (LWP 26776))*
Region 162: 4K, 44de7000-44de8000 ---p 44de7000 00:00 0
Region 163: 1M, 44de8000-44ee8000 rw-p 44de8000 00:00 0 *Thread 11 (Thread 0x44ee7940 (LWP 26777))*
Region 164: 4K, 44ee8000-44ee9000 ---p 44ee8000 00:00 0
Region 165: 1M, 44ee9000-44fe9000 rw-p 44ee9000 00:00 0 *Thread 10 (Thread 0x44fe8940 (LWP 26778))*
Region 166: 4K, 44fe9000-44fea000 ---p 44fe9000 00:00 0
Region 167: 1M, 44fea000-450ea000 rw-p 44fea000 00:00 0 *Thread 9 (Thread 0x450e9940 (LWP 26779))*
Region 168: 4K, 450ea000-450eb000 ---p 450ea000 00:00 0
Region 169: 1M, 450eb000-451eb000 rw-p 450eb000 00:00 0 *Thread 8 (Thread 0x451ea940 (LWP 26780))*
Region 170: 4K, 451eb000-451ec000 ---p 451eb000 00:00 0
Region 171: 1M, 451ec000-452ec000 rw-p 451ec000 00:00 0 *Thread 7 (Thread 0x452eb940 (LWP 26781))*
Region 172: 4K, 452ec000-452ed000 ---p 452ec000 00:00 0
Region 173: 1M, 452ed000-453ed000 rw-p 452ed000 00:00 0 *Thread 6 (Thread 0x453ec940 (LWP 26782))*
Region 174: 4K, 453ed000-453ee000 ---p 453ed000 00:00 0
Region 175: 1M, 453ee000-454ee000 rw-p 453ee000 00:00 0 *Thread 5 (Thread 0x454ed940 (LWP 26783))*
Region 176: 4K, 454ee000-454ef000 ---p 454ee000 00:00 0
Region 177: 1M, 454ef000-455ef000 rw-p 454ef000 00:00 0 *Thread 4 (Thread 0x455ee940 (LWP 26784))*
Region 178: 4K, 455ef000-455f0000 ---p 455ef000 00:00 0
Region 179: 1M, 455f0000-456f0000 rw-p 455f0000 00:00 0 *Thread 3 (Thread 0x456ef940 (LWP 26785))*
Region 180: 112K, 3138200000-313821c000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509165 /lib64/ld-2.5.so
Region 181: 4K, 313841b000-313841c000 r--p 0001b000 08:03 28509165 /lib64/ld-2.5.so
Region 182: 4K, 313841c000-313841d000 rw-p 0001c000 08:03 28509165 /lib64/ld-2.5.so
Region 183: 1M, 3138600000-313874d000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509166 /lib64/libc-2.5.so
Region 184: 2M, 313874d000-313894d000 ---p 0014d000 08:03 28509166 /lib64/libc-2.5.so
Region 185: 16K, 313894d000-3138951000 r--p 0014d000 08:03 28509166 /lib64/libc-2.5.so
Region 186: 4K, 3138951000-3138952000 rw-p 00151000 08:03 28509166 /lib64/libc-2.5.so
Region 187: 20K, 3138952000-3138957000 rw-p 3138952000 00:00 0
Region 188: 8K, 3138a00000-3138a02000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509167 /lib64/libdl-2.5.so
Region 189: 2M, 3138a02000-3138c02000 ---p 00002000 08:03 28509167 /lib64/libdl-2.5.so
Region 190: 4K, 3138c02000-3138c03000 r--p 00002000 08:03 28509167 /lib64/libdl-2.5.so
Region 191: 4K, 3138c03000-3138c04000 rw-p 00003000 08:03 28509167 /lib64/libdl-2.5.so
Region 192: 88K, 3138e00000-3138e16000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509171 /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so
Region 193: 1M, 3138e16000-3139015000 ---p 00016000 08:03 28509171 /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so
Region 194: 4K, 3139015000-3139016000 r--p 00015000 08:03 28509171 /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so
Region 195: 4K, 3139016000-3139017000 rw-p 00016000 08:03 28509171 /lib64/libpthread-2.5.so
Region 196: 16K, 3139017000-313901b000 rw-p 3139017000 00:00 0
Region 197: 520K, 3139200000-3139282000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509172 /lib64/libm-2.5.so
Region 198: 1M, 3139282000-3139481000 ---p 00082000 08:03 28509172 /lib64/libm-2.5.so
Region 199: 4K, 3139481000-3139482000 r--p 00081000 08:03 28509172 /lib64/libm-2.5.so
Region 200: 4K, 3139482000-3139483000 rw-p 00082000 08:03 28509172 /lib64/libm-2.5.so
Region 201: 80K, 3139600000-3139614000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27531228 /usr/lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
Region 202: 1M, 3139614000-3139813000 ---p 00014000 08:03 27531228 /usr/lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
Region 203: 4K, 3139813000-3139814000 rw-p 00013000 08:03 27531228 /usr/lib64/libz.so.1.2.3
Region 204: 236K, 3139a00000-3139a3b000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509176 /lib64/libsepol.so.1
Region 205: 2M, 3139a3b000-3139c3b000 ---p 0003b000 08:03 28509176 /lib64/libsepol.so.1
Region 206: 4K, 3139c3b000-3139c3c000 rw-p 0003b000 08:03 28509176 /lib64/libsepol.so.1
Region 207: 40K, 3139c3c000-3139c46000 rw-p 3139c3c000 00:00 0
Region 208: 28K, 3139e00000-3139e07000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509173 /lib64/librt-2.5.so
Region 209: 2M, 3139e07000-313a007000 ---p 00007000 08:03 28509173 /lib64/librt-2.5.so
Region 210: 4K, 313a007000-313a008000 r--p 00007000 08:03 28509173 /lib64/librt-2.5.so
Region 211: 4K, 313a008000-313a009000 rw-p 00008000 08:03 28509173 /lib64/librt-2.5.so
Region 212: 84K, 313a200000-313a215000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509177 /lib64/libselinux.so.1
Region 213: 2M, 313a215000-313a415000 ---p 00015000 08:03 28509177 /lib64/libselinux.so.1
Region 214: 8K, 313a415000-313a417000 rw-p 00015000 08:03 28509177 /lib64/libselinux.so.1
Region 215: 4K, 313a417000-313a418000 rw-p 313a417000 00:00 0
Region 216: 52K, 313a600000-313a60d000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28508215 /lib64/libgcc_s-4.1.2-20080825.so.1
Region 217: 2M, 313a60d000-313a80d000 ---p 0000d000 08:03 28508215 /lib64/libgcc_s-4.1.2-20080825.so.1
Region 218: 4K, 313a80d000-313a80e000 rw-p 0000d000 08:03 28508215 /lib64/libgcc_s-4.1.2-20080825.so.1
Region 219: 920K, 313aa00000-313aae6000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27533465 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8
Region 220: 1M, 313aae6000-313ace5000 ---p 000e6000 08:03 27533465 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8
Region 221: 24K, 313ace5000-313aceb000 r--p 000e5000 08:03 27533465 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8
Region 222: 12K, 313aceb000-313acee000 rw-p 000eb000 08:03 27533465 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8
Region 223: 72K, 313acee000-313ad00000 rw-p 313acee000 00:00 0
Region 224: 1M, 313b200000-313b32d000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509179 /lib64/libcrypto.so.0.9.8e
Region 225: 1M, 313b32d000-313b52c000 ---p 0012d000 08:03 28509179 /lib64/libcrypto.so.0.9.8e
Region 226: 132K, 313b52c000-313b54d000 rw-p 0012c000 08:03 28509179 /lib64/libcrypto.so.0.9.8e
Region 227: 16K, 313b54d000-313b551000 rw-p 313b54d000 00:00 0
Region 228: 176K, 313ba00000-313ba2c000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27542541 /usr/lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
Region 229: 2M, 313ba2c000-313bc2c000 ---p 0002c000 08:03 27542541 /usr/lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
Region 230: 8K, 313bc2c000-313bc2e000 rw-p 0002c000 08:03 27542541 /usr/lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
Region 231: 276K, 313be00000-313be45000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28508219 /lib64/libssl.so.0.9.8e
Region 232: 1M, 313be45000-313c044000 ---p 00045000 08:03 28508219 /lib64/libssl.so.0.9.8e
Region 233: 24K, 313c044000-313c04a000 rw-p 00044000 08:03 28508219 /lib64/libssl.so.0.9.8e
Region 234: 12K, 313ce00000-313ce03000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509182 /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
Region 235: 1M, 313ce03000-313d002000 ---p 00003000 08:03 28509182 /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
Region 236: 4K, 313d002000-313d003000 rw-p 00002000 08:03 28509182 /lib64/libcom_err.so.2.1
Region 237: 68K, 313d200000-313d211000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28508365 /lib64/libresolv-2.5.so
Region 238: 2M, 313d211000-313d411000 ---p 00011000 08:03 28508365 /lib64/libresolv-2.5.so
Region 239: 4K, 313d411000-313d412000 r--p 00011000 08:03 28508365 /lib64/libresolv-2.5.so
Region 240: 4K, 313d412000-313d413000 rw-p 00012000 08:03 28508365 /lib64/libresolv-2.5.so
Region 241: 8K, 313d413000-313d415000 rw-p 313d413000 00:00 0
Region 242: 144K, 313e200000-313e224000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27542539 /usr/lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
Region 243: 1M, 313e224000-313e423000 ---p 00024000 08:03 27542539 /usr/lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
Region 244: 8K, 313e423000-313e425000 rw-p 00023000 08:03 27542539 /usr/lib64/libk5crypto.so.3.1
Region 245: 580K, 313e600000-313e691000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27542540 /usr/lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
Region 246: 2M, 313e691000-313e891000 ---p 00091000 08:03 27542540 /usr/lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
Region 247: 16K, 313e891000-313e895000 rw-p 00091000 08:03 27542540 /usr/lib64/libkrb5.so.3.3
Region 248: 32K, 313ea00000-313ea08000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 27542538 /usr/lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
Region 249: 1M, 313ea08000-313ec07000 ---p 00008000 08:03 27542538 /usr/lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
Region 250: 4K, 313ec07000-313ec08000 rw-p 00007000 08:03 27542538 /usr/lib64/libkrb5support.so.0.1
Region 251: 8K, 313ee00000-313ee02000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28509181 /lib64/libkeyutils-1.2.so
Region 252: 1M, 313ee02000-313f001000 ---p 00002000 08:03 28509181 /lib64/libkeyutils-1.2.so
Region 253: 4K, 313f001000-313f002000 rw-p 00001000 08:03 28509181 /lib64/libkeyutils-1.2.so
Region 254: 4K, 2aaaaaaac000-2aaaaaaad000 rw-p 2aaaaaaac000 00:00 0
Region 255: 64M, 2aaaac000000-2aaab0000000 rw-p 2aaaac000000 00:00 0
Region 256: 40K, 2aaab0012000-2aaab001c000 r-xp 00000000 08:03 28508187 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.so
Region 257: 1M, 2aaab001c000-2aaab021b000 ---p 0000a000 08:03 28508187 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.so
Region 258: 4K, 2aaab021b000-2aaab021c000 r--p 00009000 08:03 28508187 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.so
Region 259: 4K, 2aaab021c000-2aaab021d000 rw-p 0000a000 08:03 28508187 /lib64/libnss_files-2.5.so
Region 260: 64M, 2aaab4000000-2aaab8000000 rw-p 2aaab4000000 00:00 0
Region 261: 64M, 2aaab8000000-2aaabc000000 rw-p 2aaab8000000 00:00 0
Region 262: 63M, 2aaabc000000-2aaabfffa000 rw-p 2aaabc000000 00:00 0
Region 263: 24K, 2aaabfffa000-2aaac0000000 ---p 2aaabfffa000 00:00 0
Region 264: 63M, 2aaac0000000-2aaac3ff9000 rw-p 2aaac0000000 00:00 0
Region 265: 28K, 2aaac3ff9000-2aaac4000000 ---p 2aaac3ff9000 00:00 0
Region 266: 64M, 2aaac4000000-2aaac8000000 rw-p 2aaac4000000 00:00 0
Region 267: 63M, 2aaac8000000-2aaacbfed000 rw-p 2aaac8000000 00:00 0
Region 268: 76K, 2aaacbfed000-2aaacc000000 ---p 2aaacbfed000 00:00 0
Region 269: 63M, 2aaacc000000-2aaacfffe000 rw-p 2aaacc000000 00:00 0
Region 270: 8K, 2aaacfffe000-2aaad0000000 ---p 2aaacfffe000 00:00 0
Region 271: 63M, 2aaad0000000-2aaad3fe5000 rw-p 2aaad0000000 00:00 0
Region 272: 108K, 2aaad3fe5000-2aaad4000000 ---p 2aaad3fe5000 00:00 0
Region 273: 64M, 2aaad4000000-2aaad8000000 rw-p 2aaad4000000 00:00 0
Region 274: 64M, 2aaad8000000-2aaadc000000 rw-p 2aaad8000000 00:00 0
Region 275: 64M, 2aaadc000000-2aaae0000000 rw-p 2aaadc000000 00:00 0
Region 276: 64M, 2aaae0000000-2aaae4000000 rw-p 2aaae0000000 00:00 0
Region 277: 64M, 2aaae8000000-2aaaec000000 rw-p 2aaae8000000 00:00 0
Region 278: 64M, 2aaaec000000-2aaaf0000000 rw-p 2aaaec000000 00:00 0
Region 279: 63M, 2aaaf0000000-2aaaf3ff6000 rw-p 2aaaf0000000 00:00 0
Region 280: 40K, 2aaaf3ff6000-2aaaf4000000 ---p 2aaaf3ff6000 00:00 0
Region 281: 63M, 2aaaf8000000-2aaafbfff000 rw-p 2aaaf8000000 00:00 0
Region 282: 4K, 2aaafbfff000-2aaafc000000 ---p 2aaafbfff000 00:00 0
Region 283: 63M, 2aaafc000000-2aaaffffb000 rw-p 2aaafc000000 00:00 0
Region 284: 20K, 2aaaffffb000-2aab00000000 ---p 2aaaffffb000 00:00 0
Region 285: 63M, 2aab00000000-2aab03fff000 rw-p 2aab00000000 00:00 0
Region 286: 4K, 2aab03fff000-2aab04000000 ---p 2aab03fff000 00:00 0
Region 287: 63M, 2aab04000000-2aab07f73000 rw-p 2aab04000000 00:00 0
Region 288: 564K, 2aab07f73000-2aab08000000 ---p 2aab07f73000 00:00 0
Region 289: 63M, 2aab08000000-2aab0bfac000 rw-p 2aab08000000 00:00 0
Region 290: 336K, 2aab0bfac000-2aab0c000000 ---p 2aab0bfac000 00:00 0
(Omit Region from 291-425 since the post length limitation)
Region 426: 508K, 2aac27f81000-2aac28000000 ---p 2aac27f81000 00:00 0
Region 427: 63M, 2aac28000000-2aac2bf81000 rw-p 2aac28000000 00:00 0
Region 428: 508K, 2aac2bf81000-2aac2c000000 ---p 2aac2bf81000 00:00 0
Region 429: 64M, 2aac2c000000-2aac30000000 rw-p 2aac2c000000 00:00 0
Region 430: 512M, 2aac34000000-2aac54000000 rw-p 2aac34000000 00:00 0
Region 431: 502M, 2aac5c30b000-2aac7b90b000 rw-p 2aac5c30b000 00:00 0
Region 432: 4K, 2b5d0b054000-2b5d0b055000 rw-p 2b5d0b054000 00:00 0
Region 433: 36K, 2b5d0b067000-2b5d0b070000 rw-p 2b5d0b067000 00:00 0 *Thread 1 (Thread 0x2b5d0b06f010 (LWP 1232))*
Region 434: 116K, 7fffe2668000-7fffe2685000 rw-p 7ffffffe2000 00:00 0 [stack]
Region 435: 116K, ffffffffff600000-ffffffffffe00000 ---p 00000000 00:00 0 [vdso]
推荐答案
显然，您的8G大部分都归因于内存区域的第三类(许多令人困惑的(64M + ... + 63M + 508K)块").将多线程应用程序从32位linux(使用200M虚拟内存)移植到64位linux(使用7G虚拟内存)后，我们发现了类似的行为:在我们的示例中，我们发现了132K rw-p和64M--- p块，每个线程一对(几乎).
Clearly most of your 8G is due to the 3rd category of memory regions ("many confusing (64M+...+63M+508K) blocks"). We found similar behaviour after porting our multithreaded app from 32-bit linux (where it used 200M virtual memory) to 64-bit linux (where it used 7G virtual memory): in our case, we found pairs of 132K rw-p and 64M ---p blocks, one pair for (nearly) each thread.
我发现这里讨论了类似的问题: http://www.expert-exchange.com/Programming/System/Linux/Q_27033610.html .这是海报的结论:
I found a similar issue discussed here: http://www.experts-exchange.com/Programming/System/Linux/Q_27033610.html. Here's the poster's conclusion:
好的，我浏览了glibc的源代码，而glibc做到了.
OK, I browsed glibc sources, and glibc does that.
它将HEAP_MAX_SIZE定义为2 * DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD_MAX，其中DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD_MAX 在 32 位上为 512K，在 64 位上为 32M.
It defines HEAP_MAX_SIZE as 2 * DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD_MAX where DEFAULT_MMAP_THRESHOLD_MAX is 512K on 32bit and 32M on 64.
然后，它希望每个线程有一个堆-如果没有空闲堆分配新的堆一个[new_heap()].新堆必须对齐HEAP_MAX_SIZE，因此下一步堆可以放入可能的洞中(以节省vsize-具有讽刺意味！).至align，它只是简单地分配双倍大小，然后取消映射备件.
Then it wants a heap per thread - if no spare heap allocates new one[new_heap()]. The new heap has to be HEAP_MAX_SIZE aligned so next heaps can fit into possibly holes(to save vsize - so ironic!). To align, it simply allocates doubled size then unmaps spare part.
最后，它只更改了对需要区域的保护新堆的大部分没有任何权利.如果需要更多堆更改下一个chunk [grow_heap()]的保护，依此类推.
Finally it changes the protection for wanted region only leaving majority of the new heap without any rights. If more heap is needed changes protection on next chunk[grow_heap()] and so on.
对我来说-它看起来很愚蠢，vsize很浪费.另一方面，为什么有人会限制64位上的vspace?好Q，不是吗?
To me - it looks stupid and vsize wasteful. On the other hand why someone would limit vspace on 64bit? Good Q, isn't it?
此外，它不能更改-它是编译时间常数.
Also, it cannot be changed - it's compile time constants.
总而言之，我将不得不在多线程上使用这个巨大的vsize应用程序或针对不同内存分配器的链接.
All in all, I'll have to live with this huge vsize on multithreaded applications or link against different memory allocator.
在我们的例子中，每个线程都有一个132K堆，其中grow_heap()可使用64M；在您的情况下，在我看来好像每个堆都已经增长到(或接近)64M，例如区域271是一个63M的堆(rw-p)，而区域272是尚未使用的剩余108K(--- p).由于您首先不知道为什么您的过程使用8G，所以我不知道如何解释.
In our case, each thread has a 132K heap, with 64M available for grow_heap(); in your case, it looks to me as if each heap has already grown to (or near to) 64M, e.g. region 271 is a 63M heap (rw-p), and region 272 the as-yet unused remaining 108K (---p). Since you don't know why your process is using 8G in the first place, I don't know how to explain that.
我也不知道为什么glibc为每个线程创建一个堆(如果确实是正确的解释).这就是让我感到困惑的地方:
I also don't know why glibc creates a heap for each thread (if, indeed, that is the right explanation). Here's what confuses me:
- pthreads手册页 http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man7/pthreads.7.html 说:这些线程共享相同的全局内存(数据和堆段).
- 我不认为我们的应用程序为每个线程创建了1MB的堆32位Linux
- 我们发现通过我们使用的库创建的线程没有导致创建这些132K/64M块(但可能是该库不使用glibc吗?)
- The pthreads man page http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/online/pages/man7/pthreads.7.html says "These threads share the same global memory (data and heap segments)".
- I don't believe our app created 1MB heaps for each thread under 32-bit linux
- We found that threads created via a library we were using didn't cause the creation of these 132K/64M blocks (but maybe that library isn't using glibc?)
这篇关于这些内存区域在Linux进程中的作用是什么?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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