将月份名称字符串列表按升序排序 [英] Sort list of month name strings in ascending order

问题描述

有人可以指导如何排序月份列表吗?

Can someone please guide how to sort list of months?

INPUT = ['August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December', 'January']

OUTPUT= ['January','August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']

推荐答案

calendar.month_name 是按正确顺序排列的月份数组.假设您输入的字符串格式正确，您可以按此列表中每个字符串的索引进行排序:

calendar.month_name is an array of months in the correct sequence. You can sort by the index of each string in this list, assuming your input strings are well-formed:

>>> from calendar import month_name
>>> months = ['August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December', 'January']
>>> month_lookup = list(month_name)
>>> sorted(months, key=month_lookup.index)
['January', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']

您还可以使用 datetime.strptime 和与完整月份名称匹配的％B" 格式字符串.

You can also use datetime.strptime and the "%B" format string which matches the full month name.

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> months = ['August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December', 'January']
>>> sorted(months, key=lambda m: datetime.strptime(m, "%B"))
['January', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']

请注意，两种解决方案都会在包含无效月份字符串的列表上引发错误.

Note that both solutions raise errors on lists containing invalid month strings.

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