如何使用lxml向属性添加名称空间前缀(节点与其他名称空间相同)? [英] How to add namespace prefix to attribute with lxml (node is with other namespace)?

问题描述

我需要获取此xml:

<s:Envelope xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.or/2003/05/soap-envelope">
   <s:Header>
       <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="1">Action</a:Action>
   </s:Header>
</s:Envelope>

据我了解<动作>节点，其属性"mustUnderstand"位于不同的命名空间下.我现在所取得的成就:

As I understand < Action > node and it's attribute "mustUnderstand" is under different namespaces. What I achieved now:

from lxml.etree import Element, SubElement, QName, tostring

class XMLNamespaces:
   s = 'http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope'
   a = 'http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing'


root = Element(QName(XMLNamespaces.s, 'Envelope'), nsmap={'s':XMLNamespaces.s, 'a':XMLNamespaces.a})

header = SubElement(root, QName(XMLNamespaces.s, 'Header'))
action  = SubElement(header, QName(XMLNamespaces.a, 'Action'))
action.attrib['mustUnderstand'] = "1"
action.text = 'Action'

print tostring(root, pretty_print=True)

结果:

<s:Envelope xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope">
   <s:Header>
      <a:Action mustUnderstand="1">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/transfer/Create</a:Action>
    </s:Header>
</s:Envelope>

我们可以看到，"mustUnderstand"属性前面没有名称空间前缀.那么是否可以通过lxml获取" s: mustUnderstand"?如果是，那怎么办?

As we can see, no namespace prefix in front of "mustUnderstand" attribute. So is it possible to get "s: mustUnderstand" with lxml? if yes, then how?

推荐答案

就像使用元素名称一样，只需使用QName:

Just use QName, like you do with element names:

action.attrib[QName(XMLNamespaces.s, 'mustUnderstand')] = "1"

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