为什么 Matplotlib 的 plot_wireframe 的参数是二维数组? [英] Why are the arguments to Matplotlib's plot_wireframe two dimensional arrays?

问题描述

我找不到对Matplotlib的plot_wireframe函数的X，Y和Z参数的清晰解释.我一直在玩他们提供的示例

我猜第一个维度是行号或函数号，第二个是点号.

解决方案

在 plot_wireframe(X，Y，Z)中， X 是x坐标，Y 是 y 坐标，Z 是 z 坐标.那些必须是2D阵列.原因是绘图功能需要一个二维网格.因此，(X [i，j]，Y [i，j]，Z [i，j])定义笛卡尔空间中的一个点.i,j 是网格索引.

现在的问题可能是，为什么我们需要 i，j 作为网格索引，而不能仅使用索引为 k 的单个一维网格，例如 X，Y，Z 是一维数组吗?
也就是说，因为在 (X[k], Y[k], Z[k]) 的情况下，关于哪个点与哪个其他点相邻的信息丢失了.在二维网格中，您可以明确地确定 (X[i,j], Y[i,j], Z[i,j]) 连接到(的邻居)(X [i + 1，j]，Y [i + 1，j]，Z [i + 1，j])，例如(X [i，j-1]，Y [i，j-1]，Z [i，j-1]).
在一维情况下，(X [k + 1]，Y [k + 1]，Z [k + 1])显然与(X [k]，Y [k]，Z [k])，但这仅给您两个连接，而线框中则需要4个连接.

I cannot find a clear explanation of the X, Y, and Z arguments to Matplotlib's plot_wireframe function. I have been playing with their provided example wire3d_demo.py but I don't get why X, Y, and Z are two dimensional arrays. It is a pretty curved 3D picture but if you look at the X, Y, and Z arrays they are all size 120 by 120 2D arrays. Matplotlib's documentation has this terse description: "Data values". Can anyone elaborate on that a little bit? I like Matplotlib but its documentation can be a little sparse.

Updating the question based on the answer. Maybe the first dimension of the 2D array represents a line in 3D space and the wireframe is constructed to connect up all of the lines. In this example I draw two quarter circles in the x,y plane with z coordinates 1.0 apart:

temp_x = []
temp_y = []
temp_z1 = []
temp_z2 =[]

import math
# x^2+y^2=4
for i in range(201):
    x = 0.01 * i
    temp_x.append(x)
    y = math.sqrt(4-(x*x))
    temp_y.append(y)
    temp_z1.append(0.0)
    temp_z2.append(1.0)

X=np.array([temp_x,temp_x])
Y=np.array([temp_y,temp_y])
Z=np.array([temp_z1,temp_z2])

# Plot a basic wireframe.
ax.plot_wireframe(X, Y, Z)

I guess the first dimension is line number or maybe function number and the second is point number.

解决方案

In plot_wireframe(X,Y,Z), X are the x coordinates, Y are the y coordinates and Z are the z coordinates. Those need to be 2D arrays. The reason is that the plotting function needs a 2D grid. Hence, (X[i,j], Y[i,j], Z[i,j]) defines a point in cartesian space. i,j are the grid indices.

Now the question might be, why do we need i,j as grid index, and cannot use a single 1D grid with an index k alone, such that X,Y,Z would be 1D arrays?
That is, because in the case of (X[k], Y[k], Z[k]) the information about which point lies next to which other point is lost. In the 2D grid, you can unambigously determine that (X[i,j], Y[i,j], Z[i,j]) is connected to (a neighbor of) (X[i+1,j], Y[i+1,j], Z[i+1,j]), as well as e.g. (X[i,j-1], Y[i,j-1], Z[i,j-1]).
In the 1D case, (X[k+1], Y[k+1], Z[k+1]) is clearly connected to (X[k], Y[k], Z[k]), but that gives you only two connections, while you need 4 connections in the wireframe.

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