嵌入 matplotlibAnimation [英] Embedding matplotlibAnimation
问题描述
我正在设计一个应用程序,该应用程序必须通过 Arduino 和 Python 绘制来自传感器的序列.我正在使用matplotlib为我的图形制作动画,并且可以与昨天在我发布的问题中看到的代码配合使用:使用 MatplotlibAnimation 的 Arduino Live 串行绘图变得缓慢.现在,由于我想制作一个漂亮的GUI,所以我想将动画嵌入PyQt5中.为此,我将此链接作为参考 https://pythonspot.com/en/pyqt5-matplotlib/以及那个中的一个在嵌入在 PyQT4 GUI 中的 funcAnimation 中工作.我生成的代码如下所示:
I am designing an app that must plot a serial from a sensor through Arduino and Python. I am using matplotlib to animate my graph, and it works fine with the code that can be seen in a question I posted yesterday: Arduino Live Serial Plotting with a MatplotlibAnimation gets slow. Now, since I want to make a nice looking GUI, I want to embed my animation in PyQt5. For that I've taken as a reference this link https://pythonspot.com/en/pyqt5-matplotlib/ together with that one Getting blitting to work in funcAnimation embedded in PyQT4 GUI. My resulting code looks as follows:
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QMenu, QVBoxLayout, QSizePolicy, QMessageBox, QWidget, \
QPushButton
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import serial
import time
class App(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.left = 10
self.top = 10
self.title = 'PyQt5 matplotlib example - pythonspot.com'
self.width = 640
self.height = 400
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.setWindowTitle(self.title)
self.setGeometry(self.left, self.top, self.width, self.height)
m = PlotCanvas(self, width=5, height=4)
m.move(0, 0)
button = QPushButton('PyQt5 button', self)
button.setToolTip('This is an example button')
button.move(500, 0)
button.resize(140, 100)
self.show()
class PlotCanvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
global fig
fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
self.setParent(parent)
#self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)#, IYV: can be removed
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QSizePolicy.Expanding)
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
self.plot()
self.animate()
def plot(self):
global xar, yar, optimal_frequency, ser, ax1
ser = serial.Serial("com3", 2400)
ser.readline()
optimal_frequency = 100
ax1 = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
xar = []
yar = []
print(time.ctime())
def animate(self):
self.anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, self.animate_loop(), interval=optimal_frequency)
self.draw()
def animate_loop(self):
global xar, yar
ser.readline()
for i in range(optimal_frequency):
a = str(ser.readline(), 'utf-8')
try:
b = float(a)
except ValueError:
ser.readline()
xar.append(str(time.time()))
print(time.ctime())
yar.append(int(b))
ax1.clear()
ax1.plot(xar, yar)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = App()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
但我收到错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/iyv/Documents/Udvikling/20161205_Serial_Plotter/Embedding_PyQt5/20161220_Embedding_Serial.py", line 113, in <module>
ex = App()
File "C:/Users/iyv/Documents/Udvikling/20161205_Serial_Plotter/Embedding_PyQt5/20161220_Embedding_Serial.py", line 35, in __init__
self.initUI()
File "C:/Users/iyv/Documents/Udvikling/20161205_Serial_Plotter/Embedding_PyQt5/20161220_Embedding_Serial.py", line 41, in initUI
m = PlotCanvas(self, width=5, height=4)
File "C:/Users/iyv/Documents/Udvikling/20161205_Serial_Plotter/Embedding_PyQt5/20161220_Embedding_Serial.py", line 71, in __init__
self.animate()
File "C:/Users/iyv/Documents/Udvikling/20161205_Serial_Plotter/Embedding_PyQt5/20161220_Embedding_Serial.py", line 87, in animate
self.draw()
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt5agg.py", line 159, in draw
FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_agg.py", line 474, in draw
self.figure.draw(self.renderer)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\artist.py", line 62, in draw_wrapper
draw(artist, renderer, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\figure.py", line 1165, in draw
self.canvas.draw_event(renderer)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backend_bases.py", line 1809, in draw_event
self.callbacks.process(s, event)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\cbook.py", line 563, in process
proxy(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\cbook.py", line 430, in __call__
return mtd(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\animation.py", line 661, in _start
self._init_draw()
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\animation.py", line 1221, in _init_draw
self._draw_frame(next(self.new_frame_seq()))
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\animation.py", line 1243, in _draw_frame
self._drawn_artists = self._func(framedata, *self._args)
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable
Exception ignored in: <bound method TimerQT.__del__ of <matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5.TimerQT object at 0x0000026C3260DD30>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\iyv\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_qt5.py", line 201, in __del__
TypeError: 'method' object is not connected
有关如何运行此程序的任何帮助?干杯
Any help on how can I get this running? Cheers
推荐答案
正如您在链接到的问题中所见,FuncAnimation
需要一个方法作为其第二个参数.但是,在您的通话中,您改为提供 None
(因为 self.animate_loop()
的评估结果为 None
).将此更改为
As you can also see in the question you link to, FuncAnimation
requires a method as its second argument. However in your call you provide None
instead (since self.animate_loop()
evaluates to None
). Change this to
self.anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, self.animate_loop, interval=optimal_frequency)
其次,从链接的问题中也可以看出,self.animate_loop
需要接受一个参数,因此您可能需要将其更改为
Second, as can also be seen from the linked question, self.animate_loop
needs to take an argument, so probably you would need to change this to
def animate_loop(self,i):
此外,您的代码中还有一些小问题,例如如果 b = float(a)
失败,b
未定义,yar.append(int(b))
将引发错误.在类内部使用 global
似乎也很奇怪.这不是问题,但会使代码难以阅读.更好地使用类变量.
Apart from that there are some minor problems in your code, e.g. if b = float(a)
fails, b
is undefined and yar.append(int(b))
will raise an error.
Also using global
inside classes seems very strange; it's not a problem, but makes the code hard to read. Better use class variables.
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