savefig PGF-RuntimeError:无法获得不带渲染器的窗口范围 [英] savefig PGF - RuntimeError: Cannot get window extent w/o renderer

问题描述

我正在尝试将图形保存在pyplot中且页边距很小.

I'm trying to save a figure in pyplot with tight margins.

以下代码与PDF输出完美配合:

The following code works perfectly with a PDF output:

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
plt.plot(1)
plt.savefig('test.pdf', bbox_inches='tight')

但不是 PGF 输出

plt.savefig('test.pgf', bbox_inches='tight')

因为它返回 RuntimeError:无法获取不带渲染器的窗口范围.

为什么会发生这种情况，是否有解决方法?

Why is this happening and is there a way to work around it?

Ubuntu 13.04 上的 matplotlib 1.3.0rc2

matplotlib 1.3.0rc2 on Ubuntu 13.04

python -c "from matplotlib import pyplot as plt; plt.plot(1); plt.savefig('test.pgf', bbox_inches='tight');"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 561, in savefig
    return fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1410, in savefig
    self.canvas.print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/backends/backend_qt4agg.py", line 161, in print_figure
    FigureCanvasAgg.print_figure(self, *args, **kwargs)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/backend_bases.py", line 2169, in print_figure
    bbox_inches = self.figure.get_tightbbox(renderer)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/figure.py", line 1551, in get_tightbbox
    bb.append(ax.get_tightbbox(renderer))
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/axes.py", line 9153, in get_tightbbox
    bb_xaxis = self.xaxis.get_tightbbox(renderer)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1055, in get_tightbbox
    renderer)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/axis.py", line 1038, in _get_tick_bboxes
    extent = tick.label1.get_window_extent(renderer)
  File "PYTHONPATH/matplotlib-1.3.0rc2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/matplotlib/text.py", line 751, in get_window_extent
    raise RuntimeError('Cannot get window extent w/o renderer')
RuntimeError: Cannot get window extent w/o renderer

推荐答案

顺便说一句，有一种解决方法.通常，PGF/TikZ 图像的范围会自动调整，使其与绘图相匹配.为了保留 matplotlib 预期的图形大小，将这些行添加到输出中:

By the way, there is a workaround. Normally the extent of PGF/TikZ images is adjusted automatically so it matches the drawing. For preserving the figure size intended by matplotlib, these lines are added to the output:

\pgfpathrectangle{\pgfpointorigin}{\pgfqpoint{8.000000in}{6.000000in}}%
\pgfusepath{use as bounding box}%

如果您从 PGF 输出中删除最顶部的这些行，您应该删除图形周围的任何额外空间.

If you remove these lines at the very top from the PGF output you should get rid of any additional space around the figure.

使用1.3版中的 plt.tight_layout()或更好的 plt.figure(tight_layout = True)是另一种方法(与PGF完美配合和PGF-> PDF)，尽管有些不同.它会重新计算图形的布局，使其适合给定的图形尺寸.我通常更喜欢这种方法，因为它还能消除文本元素重叠等问题.

Using plt.tight_layout(), or better plt.figure(tight_layout=True) in version 1.3, is another way to do that (which works perfectly with PGF and PGF->PDF), although it is a bit different. It recalculates the figure's layout so it fits to the given figure size. I usually prefer that method because it also eliminates problems like overlapping text elements.

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