使用 mockito 模拟 AccountManager [英] Using mockito to mock AccountManager

问题描述

我在活动测试中使用 mockito 来模拟 AccountManager.

I'm using mockito to mock AccountManager inside an Activity test.

所以，我的测试代码如下:

So, my test code is as follows:

public class PressuresListActivityUnitTest extends
    ActivityUnitTestCase<PressuresListActivity> {

// Test data.
private static final String ACCOUNT_TYPE = "com.example.android";
private static final Account ACCOUNT_1 = new Account("[e-mail]", ACCOUNT_TYPE);
private static final Account ACCOUNT_2 = new Account("[e-mail]", ACCOUNT_TYPE);
private static final Account[] TWO_ACCOUNTS = { ACCOUNT_1, ACCOUNT_2 };

@Mock
private AccountManager mMockAccountManager;

public PressuresListActivityUnitTest() {
    super(PressuresListActivity.class);
}

@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
    super.setUp();

    setupDexmaker();
    // Initialize mockito.
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}

public void testAccountNotFound() {
    Mockito.when(mMockAccountManager.getAccounts())
            .thenReturn(TWO_ACCOUNTS);

    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
    startActivity(intent, null, null);
}

/**
 * Workaround for Mockito and JB-MR2 incompatibility to avoid
 * java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: dexcache == null
 *
 * @see <a href="https://code.google.com/p/dexmaker/issues/detail?id=2">
 *     https://code.google.com/p/dexmaker/issues/detail?id=2</a>
 */
private void setupDexmaker() {
    // Explicitly set the Dexmaker cache, so tests that use mockito work
    final String dexCache = getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getCacheDir().getPath();
    System.setProperty("dexmaker.dexcache", dexCache);
}

以及将要测试的活动的 onCreate 方法:

And the onCreate mthod of activity that will be tested:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_pressures_list);

    AccountManager am = AccountManager.get(this);
    Account[] accounts = am.getAccounts();
    if (accounts.length > 0) {
        Log.i("TAG", "it works!");
    }
}

但是当我运行测试时，AccountManager.getAccounts 不会返回测试中指定的帐户.

But when I run the test, AccountManager.getAccounts does NOT return the accounts specified in the test.

有什么想法吗?

推荐答案

经过一番研究，终于解决了这个问题.

After some research, I finally solved the problem.

Android 提供了一些在测试中使用的类，例如 MockContext、IsolatedContext.

Android provides some classes to be used inside the tests, like MockContext, IsolatedContext.

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/测试/模拟/MockContext.html

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/test/隔离上下文.html

为了完成这项工作，我创建了 ContextWrapper 的子类并覆盖了(??) getSystemService 方法.

To get this done, I created a subclass of ContextWrapper and overrode(??) getSystemService method.

根据文档:

Context 的代理实现，只是将其所有调用委托给另一个 Context.可以子类化以修改行为，而无需更改原始 Context."

"Proxying implementation of Context that simply delegates all of its calls to another Context. Can be subclassed to modify behavior without changing the original Context."

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/ContextWrapper.html

通过这种方式，我使用常规 AndroidActivityUnitTestCase 在 Activity 中注入了原始上下文，但根据我的需要进行了修改.

This way, I injected the original context, but modified to fit my needs, inside the Activity using a regular AndroidActivityUnitTestCase.

看看这个:

public class FakeContextWrapper extends ContextWrapper {

    private static final String ACCOUNT_TYPE = "com.example.android";

    private static final Account ACCOUNT_1 = new Account("[e-mail]", ACCOUNT_TYPE);
    private static final Account ACCOUNT_2 = new Account("[e-mail]", ACCOUNT_TYPE);

    private static final Account[] TWO_ACCOUNTS = { ACCOUNT_1, ACCOUNT_2 };

    @Mock
    private AccountManager mMockAccountManager;

    public FakeContextWrapper(Context base) {
        super(base);

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        Mockito.when(mMockAccountManager.getAccounts()).thenReturn(TWO_ACCOUNTS);
    }

   @Override
   public Object getSystemService(String name) {
       if (Context.ACCOUNT_SERVICE.equals(name)) {
           return mMockAccountManager;
       } else {
           return super.getSystemService(name);
       }
   }
}

内部测试:

public void testAccountNotFound() {
    Context context = new FakeContextWrapper(getInstrumentation().getTargetContext());
    setActivityContext(context);
    Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
    startActivity(intent, null, null);
    // TODO assertions.
}

最后是被测Activity:

Finally, the Activity under test:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_pressures_list);

    AccountManager am = AccountManager.get(this);
    Account[] accounts = am.getAccounts();
    if (accounts.length == 0) {
        // TODO call login.
    } else {
        Log.i("TAG", "it works!");
    }
}

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