多线程 Tkinter [英] Tkinter with multiple threads

问题描述

以下代码应在运行计算的同时更新 GUI.在这种情况下 self.after() 不是解决方案，因为计算将持续很长时间(并且计算中还必须有 time.sleep(n)，但这不应阻止 GUI 工作(即用户仍然可以调整滑块).所以它必须通过多个线程完成.以下代码是我想建议的，但它不起作用.有什么建议我做错了吗?

The following code should update the GUI while at the same time running a calculation. IN this case self.after() is not a solution as the calculation will be ongoing for a long time (and also there has to be time.sleep(n) in the calculation, but this should not stop the GUI from working (i.e. user can still adjust sliders). So it has to be done via multiple threads. The following code is what I would like to suggest, but it doesn't work. Any suggestions what I got wrong?

import Tkinter as tk
import ttk
import time
import threading

class GUI(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.pack()
        self.i=0
        self.var1 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var2 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var3 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var4 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var5 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var6 = tk.StringVar()
        self.var7 = tk.StringVar()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var1,justify='left').pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var2).pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var3).pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var4).pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var5).pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var6).pack()
        tk.Label(self, textvariable=self.var7).pack()


        p1 = tk.Scale(master, from_=1, to=20, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).pack()
        p2 = tk.Scale(master, from_=1, to=20, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).pack()
        p3 = tk.Scale(master, from_=1, to=20, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).pack()
        p4 = tk.Scale(master, from_=1, to=20, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).pack()
        p5 = tk.Scale(master, from_=1, to=20, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL).pack()

        self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(self, orient="horizontal",length=100, mode="determinate")
        self.progress.pack()

    def calculation(self):
        while True:
            # complex calculations that last 30 minutes in total
            self.i += 1
            time.sleep(1)
            max=1000
            self.var1.set("Value1: "+str(self.i))
            self.var2.set("Value2: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.var3.set("Value3: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.var4.set("Value4: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.var5.set("Value5: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.var6.set("Value6: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.var7.set("Value7: "+str(self.i+100))
            self.progress["value"] = int(round(self.i*100/max))
            #self.update()  # no need, will be automatic as mainloop() runs
            #self.after(1, self.calculation) not necessary anymore as everything is in a main loop


app=GUI()

t1 = threading.Thread(target=app.calculation, args=[])
t2 = threading.Thread(target=app.mainloop, args=[])
t1.start()
t2.start()
t1.join()
t2.join()
print ("thread finished...exiting")

推荐答案

首先你需要学习 DRY 规则.

First of all you need to learn DRY rule.

你必须直接运行 app.mainloop().类似的东西

You have to run app.mainloop() directly. Something like

t1 = threading.Thread(target=app.calculation, args=[])
t1.start()
app.mainloop()

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