pyodbc 不能正确处理 unicode 数据 [英] pyodbc doesn't correctly deal with unicode data

问题描述

我确实成功地将 MySQL 数据库与 pyodbc 连接起来，它与 ascii 编码的数据配合良好，但是当我打印使用 unicode(utf8) 编码的数据时，它引发了错误:

I did successfully connected MySQL database with pyodbc, and it works well with ascii encoded data, but when I print data encoded with unicode(utf8), it raised error:

UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-8: ordinal not in range(128)

所以我检查了行中的字符串:

So I checked the string in the row:

>>>row[3]
'\xe7\xae\xa1\xe7\x90\u2020\xe5\u2018\u02dc'

我在 pyodbc github wiki 中找到了 有关 unicode 的说明

I found instructions about unicode in pyodbc github wiki

这些数据库倾向于使用单一编码并且不区分SQL_CHAR"和SQL_WCHAR"之间.因此，您必须配置它们将 Unicode 数据编码为 UTF-8 并解码两种 C 缓冲区类型使用 UTF-8.

These databases tend to use a single encoding and do not differentiate between "SQL_CHAR" and "SQL_WCHAR". Therefore you must configure them to encode Unicode data as UTF-8 and to decode both C buffer types using UTF-8.

# Python 3.x
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')

如果您使用的是 MySQL，您可以将字符集添加到连接字符串，但我不确定这是否有必要.

If you are using MySQL, you can add the character set to the connection string, but I'm not sure if this is necessary.

# MySQL
cstring = 'DSN=mydsn;CharSet=utf8'
cnxn = pyodbc.connect(cstring)

我按上面做了，但没有什么不同.流动是我的代码

I did as above, but nothing different. Flowing is my code

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pyodbc
import configparser
class ServerDBDAO():
    def __init__(self):
        ''' Establish connection to SQL'''
        # Read config
        self.cf = configparser.ConfigParser()
        self.cf.read("./Config/server.ini")
        driver = self.cf.get('Database', 'Driver')
        server = self.cf.get('Database', 'Server')
        database = self.cf.get('Database', 'Database')
        uid = self.cf.get('Database', 'UID')
        pwd = self.cf.get('Database', 'PWD')

        # Connect database
        connString = 'DRIVER=%s;SERVER=%s;DATABASE=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;CharSet=utf8'%(driver, server, database, uid, pwd)
        '''Successfully connected database with this
        self.conn = pyodbc.connect('DRIVER=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/odbc/libmyodbc.so;SERVER=localhost;DATABASE=xxx;UID=root;PWD=xxxxxx'))
        '''
        self.conn = pyodbc.connect(connString,unicode_results=True)
        self.conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.conn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')
        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()

    def __del__(self):
        self.conn.commit()
        self.conn.close()

测试代码:

from ServerDBDAO import ServerDBDAO
dbdao = ServerDBDAO()
row_employee = cursor.execute('select id, name, email from Employee;').fetchone()
print(row_employee.name)

推荐答案

我遇到了同样的问题.除了使用这些:

I faced the same issue. In addition to using these:

cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
cnxn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')

添加这个为我解决了这个问题:

Adding this resolved the issue for me:

cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, encoding='utf-32le')

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