proxy_pass 覆盖由 rewrite 指令更改的 URL [英] proxy_pass overwrites the URL changed by rewrite directive

问题描述

从下面引用的 nginx 文档 中，我明白proxy_pass 指令不会更改 URI，只会将重写的 URI 传递给服务器.

From the nginx documentation as quoted below, I understand that proxy_pass directive will not the change the URI and will just pass the rewritten URI to the server.

• 当使用 rewrite 指令在代理位置内更改 URI 时，将使用相同的配置来处理请求(中断):

• When the URI is changed inside a proxied location using the rewrite directive, and this same configuration will be used to process a request (break):

location /name/ {
    rewrite    /name/([^/]+) /users?name=$1 break;
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1/randomstring;
}

在这种情况下，指令中指定的 URI 将被忽略，并将完整更改的请求 URI 传递给服务器.

In this case, the URI specified in the directive is ignored and the full changed request URI is passed to the server.

但是当我将 proxy_pass 设置为一个变量时，URI 会被覆盖.

But when I set the proxy_pass to a variable, the URI is being overwritten.

示例:

location /test_rewrite {
    set $ups_addr http://upstream_server;
    rewrite /test_rewrite /test_rewrite_upstream break;
    proxy_pass $ups_addr/random_string;
}

URI /test_rewrite 正在被重写为 /random_string.

The URI /test_rewrite is being rewritten to /random_string.

谁能帮我理解这种行为的原因?

Can anyone help me understand the reason for this behavior?

推荐答案

如以下文档所述:

• proxy_pass 中使用变量时:

• When variables are used in proxy_pass:

location /name/ {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1$request_uri;
}

在这种情况下，如果在指令中指定了 URI，它将按原样传递给服务器，替换原始请求 URI.

In this case, if URI is specified in the directive, it is passed to the server as is, replacing the original request URI.

仅当结果字符串包含 URI 部分时才为真.一些例子:

This is true only if resulting string contains an URI part. Some examples:

location /test_rewrite {
    set $ups_addr http://upstream_server;
    rewrite /test_rewrite /test_rewrite_upstream break;
    proxy_pass $ups_addr;
}

结果字符串不包含 URI 部分，传递给上游服务器的 URI 是 /test_rewrite_upstream.

Resulting string does not contain an URI part, URI passed to upstream server is /test_rewrite_upstream.

location /test_rewrite {
    set $ups_addr http://upstream_server/;
    rewrite /test_rewrite /test_rewrite_upstream break;
    proxy_pass $ups_addr;
}

结果字符串包含一个URI部分(注意$ups_addr变量末尾的斜杠)，传递给上游服务器的URI是/.

Resulting string contains an URI part (note the trailing slash at the end of $ups_addr variable), URI passed to upstream server is /.

您可以使用 $uri 变量将重写规则与 proxy_pass 指令中的自定义 URI 部分结合起来:

You can use an $uri variable to combine rewrite rules with the custom URI parts in a proxy_pass directive:

location /test_rewrite {
    set $ups_addr http://upstream_server;
    rewrite /test_rewrite /test_rewrite_upstream break;
    proxy_pass $ups_addr/random_string$uri;
}

在这种情况下，传递给上游服务器的 URI 是 /random_string/test_rewrite_upstream.

In this case URI passed to upstream server is /random_string/test_rewrite_upstream.

要保留请求参数，请使用 $is_args 和 $args 变量:

To preserve request arguments, use the $is_args and $args variables:

location /test_rewrite {
    set $ups_addr http://upstream_server;
    rewrite /test_rewrite /test_rewrite_upstream break;
    proxy_pass $ups_addr$uri$is_args$args;
}

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