R 使用 mingw_32 为 64 位架构编译包 [英] R is using the mingw_32 to compile packages for 64-bit architecture

问题描述

定期 - 我想每当我更新 R - 我在我的 64 位 Windows 机器上从源代码安装包时遇到问题.

Periodically – I think whenever I update R – I have problems installing packages from source on my 64-bit Windows machine.

今天我正在尝试使用 devtools::install_github() 安装一个包.安装在我的笔记本电脑上进行得很好，但我的台式机上没有，它可以在 *** arch - i386 下安装包，但在 *** arch - x64, 报告错误信息

Today I'm trying to install a package using devtools::install_github(). The installation proceeded fine on my laptop, but my not on my desktop, which can install the package under *** arch - i386, but under *** arch - x64, which reports the error message

C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-34~1.4/bin/x64/R.dll:文件无法识别:文件格式无法识别

C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-34~1.4/bin/x64/R.dll: file not recognized: File format not recognized

导致错误的命令是

C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++ -shared -s -static-libgcc -o PACKAGENAME.dll [...]

我相信错误的产生是因为 R 正在使用 mingw_32 来尝试编译 64 位包.问题是，我在哪里可以告诉 R 使用 mingw_64?我已经检查了所有我能记得的地方:

I believe that the error is arising because R is using mingw_32 to attempt to compile a 64-bit package. The question is, where can I tell R to use mingw_64? I've already checked all the places that I can recall:

• R-3.4.4/etc/x64/Makeconf 状态BINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_64/bin/
• 我的系统 PATH(在 R 中使用 Sys.getenv('PATH') 验证)在 mingw_32 之前包含 mingw_64.

• R-3.4.4/etc/x64/Makeconf states BINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_64/bin/
• My system PATH (verified from within R using Sys.getenv('PATH')) includes mingw_64 ahead of mingw_32.

R 必须寻找其他地方来决定使用哪个编译器...但在哪里?

R must be looking somewhere else to decide which compiler to use... but where?

推荐答案

通过 R CMD 检查未在 Rtools 目录中查找 gcc:

R 在 C:/Users/MYUSERNAME/Documents/.R/Makevars 中查找 BINPREF 的值.删除此文件的内容删除了不正确的位置.

R was looking in C:/Users/MYUSERNAME/Documents/.R/Makevars for the value of BINPREF. Deleting the contents of this file removed the incorrect location.

$RPATH/etc/i386/Makeconf 在每次新安装 R 时重新创建，并包含以下行BINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/.
?= 运算符将设置 BINPREF 的值(如果它尚未设置，就像在上面提到的 Makevars 文件中一样).因此，将 ?= 替换为 = 将一直有效，直到安装了新版本的 R 并且 Makeconf 文件被覆盖 - 更新或卸载 R不会修改用户目录中的 Makevars 文件.

$RPATH/etc/i386/Makeconf is re-created with each new installation of R, and contains the line BINPREF ?= c:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/.
The ?= operator will set the value of BINPREF if it is not already set, as it was in the Makevars file mentioned above. So replacing ?= with = will work until a new version of R is installed and the Makeconf file is overwritten – updating, or uninstalling, R will not modify the Makevars file in the User directory.

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