在 Perl 中，如何在不更改 XML 文件格式的情况下更改 XML 文件中的元素? [英] In Perl, how can I change an element in an XML file without changing the format of the XML file?

问题描述

我有一个格式如下的 XML 文件:

I have a XML file of the format:

<outer1>
    <inner1>
        <name>Stonecold</name>
        <profession>warrior</profession>
        <org>wwf</org>
    </inner1>
    <inner1>
        <name>Shanebond</name>
        <profession>Bowler</profession>
        <org>newzealand</org>
    </inner1>
    <inner1>
        <name>brain schemidit</name>
        <profession>Chairman</profession>
        <org>Google</org>
    </inner1>
</outer1>

我想把Shanebond的值改成Shane Bond.

我使用的是 XML::Simple，但结果是一个哈希值.

I was using XML::Simple, but the result was a hash.

我想要与输入文件相同的格式.例如:输出文件应如下所示:

I want the same format as the input file. E.g: the output file should be as follows:

<outer1>
    <inner1>
        <name>Stonecold</name>
        <profession>warrior</profession>
        <org>wwf</org>
    </inner1>
    <inner1>
        <name>Shane Bond</name>
        <profession>Bowler</profession>
        <org>newzealand</org>
    </inner1>
    <inner1>
        <name>brain schemidit</name>
        <profession>Chairman</profession>
        <org>Google</org>
    </inner1>
</outer1>

请建议如何做到这一点.

Please advice how to do this.

提前致谢.

我希望将输出文件保存在同一目录中，并尽可能使用相同的名称.有可能吗?

I want the output file to be saved in the same directory and if possible with the same name. is it possible?

推荐答案

XML::Simple 有一些选项允许您指定输入将如何转换为 Perl 数据结构以及该结构将如何输出:

XML::Simple has options that allow you to specify how input will be transformed into a Perl data structure and how that structure will be output:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use XML::Simple;

my $xml_file = 'b.xml';

my $xml = XMLin(
    $xml_file,
    KeepRoot => 1,
    ForceArray => 1,
);

$xml->{outer1}->[0]->{inner1}->[1]->{name} = 'Shane Bond';

XMLout(
    $xml,
    KeepRoot => 1,
    NoAttr => 1,
    OutputFile => $xml_file,
);

XML::Simple 确实有点麻烦，如果你可以做任何有趣的事情，因为它的目的不是成为一个通用的 XML 库，而是提供一种处理用 XML 编写的配置文件的简单方法.

XML::Simple does get a little hairy if you do anything interesting because its purpose is not to be a general purpose XML library but to provide a simple way to deal with configuration files written in XML.

CPAN 有大量XML 相关模块.除非这是您必须处理的一次性问题，否则值得研究一些功能更强大、更适合的模块.

CPAN has a plethora of XML related modules. Unless this was a one-off issue you had to deal with, it would be worth looking into some of the more capable and better suited modules.

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