如何从任何地方(任何目录)运行 perl 脚本 [英] How to run perl script from any where (any directory)

问题描述

我在以下路径中有一个 perl 脚本 (/home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin/tool.pl)每次我想运行这个工具时我都会去终端

I have a perl script exist in the follwoing path (/home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin/tool.pl) Every time I want to run this tool I go to the terminal

>

然后将目录更改为

..../bin>

然后我通过编写

..../bin> perl tool.pl file= whatever config= whatever

问题是我想运行这个 perl 脚本而不需要去它所在的 bin 文件夹.所以我可以从任何目录运行 perl 脚本，只要我进入 shell我去了 etc/environment 并写了以下内容

The problem is that I want to run this perl script without the need to go to the bin folder where it exist . so I can run perl script from any directory and as soon as I enter shell I went to the etc/environment and I wrote the follwoing

导出 PERL5LIB=$PERL5LIB:/home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin

export PERL5LIB=$PERL5LIB:/home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin

但是当我去终端并直接编写以下内容时，而无需进入 tool.pl 所在的 bin 文件夹

But when I go to terminal and write the follwoing straight ahead without going to bin folder where tool.pl exist

>perl tool.pl file=... config=...

它说文件tool.pl"不存在???

it says the file "tool.pl" does not exist???

推荐答案

perl 程序的第一个参数是可执行文件的路径.这些调用是等效的:

The first argument to the perl program is the path to an executable file. These calls are equivalent:

:~$ perl /home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin/tool.pl
:~$ perl ~/Desktop/Tools/bin/tool.pl
:~$ perl ./Desktop/Tools/bin/tool.pl
:~/Desktop/Tools/bin$ perl tool.pl
:~/Desktop/Tools/bin$ perl ./tool.pl

等

在 shell 中，波浪号 ~ 扩展到您的主目录，而 ./ 表示当前目录.在 *nix shell(包括 ubuntu 上的各种终端模拟器)上，命令提示符通常是普通模式下的 $，作为 root 用户的 # 和很少 %.> 是辅助命令提示符，例如继续多行参数时，与 Windows 上的 cmd.exe 不同.

In the shell the tilde ~ expands to your home directory, and ./ symbolizes the current directory. On *nix shells (including the various terminal emulators on ubuntu), the command prompt ususally is $ in nomal mode, # as root user and seldom %. > Is a secondary command prompt, e.g. when continuing a multiline argument, unlike cmd.exe on Windows.

PERL5LIB 变量决定了 Perl 在哪里查找模块，而不是可执行文件.

The PERL5LIB variable determines where Perl looks for modules, not for executable files.

您可以通过 chmod +x FILENAME 将脚本设置为可执行文件.然后您可以在不指定 perl 程序的情况下调用该脚本:

You can set a script as executable via chmod +x FILENAME. You can then call the script without specifying the perl program:

:~/Desktop/Tools/bin$ ./tool.pl

您可以修改 PATH 变量以更改 shell 查找可执行文件的位置.PATH 通常包含 /usr/bin/ 和其他目录.您可以通过

You can modify the PATH variable to change where the shell looks for executables. The PATH usually contains /usr/bin/ and other directories. You can add a directory of your own via

PATH=$PATH:/home/Leen/Desktop/Tools/bin

在PATHes的末尾添加你的目录，这样你就不会否决其他程序.

Add your directory at the end of the PATHes, so you don't overrule other programs.

如果你想永久设置这个，你可以把这行添加到文件 ~/.bashrc(只对你的用户和 bash shell).

If you want to set this permanently, you can add this line to the file ~/.bashrc (only for your user and only for the bash shell).

然后您可以从任何地方调用您的脚本，而无需完整路径名:

Then you can call your script from anywhere, without a full path name:

:~/foo/bar$ tool.pl

在这种情况下，您应该考虑使用更具体的命令名称，以防止名称冲突.

You should consider using a more specific command name in this case, to prevent name clashes.

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