如何通过 SSL 连接 PostgreSQL 数据库? [英] How to connect with PostgreSQL database over SSL?

问题描述

我已经创建了自己的证书并配置了 postgresql.conf 文件:

I have created my own certificate and configured postgresql.conf file:

...
#authentication_timeout = 1min          # 1s-600s
ssl = true                              # (change requires restart)
ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
                                        # (change requires restart)
#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on         # (change requires restart)
#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'          # (change requires restart)
ssl_cert_file = '/etc/ssl/certs/company/database/certificate'           # (change requires restart)
ssl_key_file = '/etc/ssl/certs/company/database/key'            # (change requires restart)
ssl_ca_file = '/usr/share/ca-certificates/company/ca/certificate'                        # (change requires restart)
#ssl_crl_file = ''                      # (change requires restart)
#password_encryption = on
#db_user_namespace = off
#row_security = on
...

然后，我允许我的服务器连接到我的数据库，pg_hba.conf:

Then, I allow my server to connect with my database, pg_hba.conf:

...
hostssl    postgres             postgres             XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX/0            md5
...

所以，我可以通过 psql 命令行连接到它:

So, I can connect to it via psql command line:

psql (9.5.3)
SSL connection (protocol: TLSv1.2, cipher: ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, bits: 256, compression: off)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#

但是，当我尝试通过我的 java 应用程序打开与数据库的连接时，即使我提供包含数据库证书的信任库，我仍然无法与它建立连接:

But, when I try to open a connection with the database via my java application, even when I provide the truststore with my database certificate included, I keep getting no connection with it:

mvn package -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=/opt/app/truststore -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=changeit

异常:

2016-05-23 16:28:32,900 WARN [com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool] - <Having failed to acquire a resource, com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool@75fa1be3 is interrupting all Threads waiting on a resource to check out. Will try again in response to new client requests.>
2016-05-23 16:28:32,900 WARN [com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool] - <com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool$ScatteredAcquireTask@2be057bf -- Acquisition Attempt Failed!!! Clearing pending acquires. While trying to acquire a needed new resource, we failed to succeed more than the maximum number of allowed acquisition attempts (30). Last acquisition attempt exception: >
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.postgresql.Driver.parseURL(Driver.java:532)
    at org.postgresql.Driver.acceptsURL(Driver.java:431)
    at java.sql.DriverManager.getDriver(DriverManager.java:299)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource.driver(DriverManagerDataSource.java:285)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource.getConnection(DriverManagerDataSource.java:161)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection(WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.java:161)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection(WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource.java:147)
    at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.C3P0PooledConnectionPool$1PooledConnectionResourcePoolManager.acquireResource(C3P0PooledConnectionPool.java:202)
    at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.doAcquire(BasicResourcePool.java:1138)
    at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.doAcquireAndDecrementPendingAcquiresWithinLockOnSuccess(BasicResourcePool.java:1125)
    at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool.access$700(BasicResourcePool.java:44)
    at com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool$ScatteredAcquireTask.run(BasicResourcePool.java:1870)
    at com.mchange.v2.async.ThreadPoolAsynchronousRunner$PoolThread.run(ThreadPoolAsynchronousRunner.java:696)
2016-05-23 16:28:32,901 WARN [com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool] - <Having failed to acquire a resource, com.mchange.v2.resourcepool.BasicResourcePool@75fa1be3 is interrupting all Threads waiting on a resource to check out. Will try again in response to new client requests.>

通过 psql 一切似乎都运行良好，而不是我的应用程序.有什么建议吗?

Via psql everything seems to be working fine, not with my application. Any suggestion ?

我的props.properties 文件:

uatDb.user=postgres
uatDb.password=password
uatDb.driverClass=org.postgresql.Driver
uatDb.jdbcUrl=jdbc:postgresql://<server_name>:1234/uat?ssl=true
uatDb.port=5443
uatDb.name=uat
uatDb.host=<server_name>

推荐答案

url=jdbc:postgresql://<host_url_or_ip>:<port>/<db_name>?currentSchema=<schema_name>&sslmode=verify-ca&sslfactory=org.postgresql.ssl.DefaultJavaSSLFactory

注意:如果schema_name 是public，则不需要.但是端口即使是默认的，即 5432，你也必须提供它.

Note: if schema_name is public, it is not required. But port even if is default i.e. 5432, you have to provide it.

对于 sslmode 值参考:https://jdbc.postgresql.org/documentation/head/ssl-client.html设置 sslfactory=org.postgresql.ssl.DefaultJavaSSLFactory 以启用验证.

For sslmode values ref: https://jdbc.postgresql.org/documentation/head/ssl-client.html set sslfactory=org.postgresql.ssl.DefaultJavaSSLFactory to enable validation.

对于非验证 ssl 连接，您可以使用 sslfactory=org.postgresql.ssl.NonValidatingFactory

For non-validating ssl connection, you can use sslfactory=org.postgresql.ssl.NonValidatingFactory

但请记住，一旦您启用 SSL 验证，它可能需要根 CA 证书.

But remember, once you enable SSL validation, it may require a root CA certificate.

您有以下多种选择(可能并不详尽.但这些对我有用.)

You have various options as follows (may not be exhaustive. but these worked for me.)

1. 您可以将其放在默认位置，即 ~/Postgres/root.crt 或
2. 将 PGSSLROOTCERT 环境变量设置为其路径 OR
3. 导入信任库并将其路径传递为:-Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=[trust_store_path] -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=[trust_store_password].如果您使用默认信任库，即 JRE 的 cacerts，则不需要这两个环境变量.

1. You can place it in its default place i.e ~/Postgres/root.crt OR
2. Set PGSSLROOTCERT env variable to its path OR
3. import into a truststore and pass it path as: -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=[trust_store_path] -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=[trust_store_password]. If you are using default truststore i.e. JRE's cacerts these two env variables are not required.

参考:

https://jdbc.postgresql.org/documentation/head/ssl-客户端.html

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/libpq-ssl.html

这篇关于如何通过 SSL 连接 PostgreSQL 数据库?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！