代码块阻止脚本运行，但以交互方式运行 [英] Block of code prevents script from running, but runs interactively

问题描述

我有一个作为计划任务运行的脚本，该脚本在定义 $As 的行上出现意外令牌错误而失败.如果我删除代码，脚本将正常运行.如果我将整个脚本(包括有问题的部分)粘贴到 PowerShell 窗口中，一切都会按预期运行.

I have a script that is run as a scheduled task which fails with an unexpected token error on on the line where $As is defined. If I remove the code, the script runs properly. If I paste the whole script (including the problematic section) into a PowerShell window everything runs as expected.

我假设这是一个我没有遇到过的简单问题，但我无法弄清楚它的问题所在，如果有经验的眼睛，我们将不胜感激.

I'm assuming this is a simple gotcha that I've just not encountered, but I cannot figure out what the problem is with it, more experienced eyes would be appreciated.

这在 Server 2012R2 上运行，使用 PS 5.0.117，但也在版本 4 下发生.

This is being run on Server 2012R2, with PS 5.0.117 but also happened under version 4.

# Sanitize $UserLogon
$Garbage = "[?\' ]",''
$As = '[?ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆàáâãäåæ]','a'
$Cs = '[?Çç]','c'
$Es = '[?ÈÉÊËèéêë]','e'
$Is = '[?ÌÍÎÏìíîï]','i'
$Ns = '[?Ññ]','n'
$Os = '[?ÒÓÔÕÖØðòóôõöø]','o'
$Ss = '[?ß]','s'
$Us = '[?ÙÚÛÜùúûü]','u'
$Thorns = '[?Þþ]','th'

$TextReplacers = $Garbage, $As, $Cs, $Es, $Is, $Ns, $Os, $Ss, $Us, $Thorns

foreach ($Replacement in $TextReplacers) {
    $UserLogon = $UserLogon -replace $Replacement
    }

我收到的确切错误是:

At C:\Scripts\Onboarding\CreateUserAccount0.ps1:121 char:17
+     $As = '[?ÀÃÂÃÄÅÆàáâãäåæ]','a'
+                    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Unexpected token 'ÃÄÅÆàáâãäåæ]','a'
    $Cs = '[?Çç]','c'
    $Es = '[?ÈÉÊËèéêë]','e'
    $Is = '[?ÃŒÃÃŽÃìíîï]','i'
    $Ns = '[?Ññ]','n'
    $Os = '[?Ã’Ã"Ã"ÕÖØðòóôõöø]','o'
    $Ss = '[?ß]','s'
    $Us = '[?ÙÚÛÜùúûü]','u'
    $Thorns = '[?Þþ]','th'

    $TextReplacers = $Garbage, $As, $Cs, $Es, $Is, $Ns, $Os, $Ss, $Us, $Thorns

    foreach ($Replacement in $TextReplacers) {
        $UserLogon = $UserLogon -replace $Replacement
        }
# Check if AD user already exists.
$UserExists = Get-ADUser -Filter {SamAccountName -eq $UserLogon}
if ($UserExists -ne $Null){
    $email = new-object Net.Mail.SMTPClient($mailServer)
    $err += "$UserLogon' in expression or statement.

如果我注释掉 $As，它会发生在 $Ns 和 $Os 上.如果我注释掉 $As、$Ns 和 $Os，它运行良好.

If I comment out the $As, it happens with $Ns, and $Os. If I comment out $As, $Ns and $Os, it runs fine.

推荐答案

PowerShell 可以从脚本文件 BOM 中检测以下编码:UTF-8、UTF-16(LE 和 BE)和 UTF-32(LE 和 BE).如果 BOM 不存在，则 PowerShell 使用 Encoding.Default 用于脚本文件.因此，您的 UTF-8 脚本文件应包含用于识别 UTF-8 的 BOM.

PowerShell can detect following encodings from script file BOM: UTF-8, UTF-16 (LE and BE) and UTF-32 (LE and BE). If BOM is not present, then PowerShell use Encoding.Default for script file. So that, your UTF-8 script file should include BOM for UTF-8 to be recognized.

在您的情况下，错误发生是由于 PowerShell 将以下所有字符解释为:'''‚‛ — 作为单引号字符.因此，当以错误的编码读取您的脚本文件时，字符串文字的某些部分会获得特殊含义并导致语法违规.

In your case, error happens due to PowerShell interpret all following characters: '‘’‚‛ — as single quote character. So, when your script file was read with incorrect encoding, some parts of what was string literals obtain special meaning and cause syntax violation.

$As = '[?ÀÃÂÃÄÅÆà áâãäåæ]','a'
             ^
$Ns = '[?Ññ]','n'
          ^
$Os = '[?Ã’Ã"Ã"ÕÖØðòóôõöø]','o'
          ^

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