在 Prolog 中放置正方形 [英] Square placing in Prolog

问题描述

我有一个 nxn 区域.我想列出在该区域内不相互接触的所有可能的 kxk m 方格 (k

I have a nxn area. And I want to list all of the positions of possible kxk m squares (k < n) which don't touch each other in that area. I want to list the coordinates of the upper-leftmost squares of those kxk squares. Can you give me some hint about implementing this with Prolog? I'm very new to this language. I just read a small tutorial but now I don't know what to do. They are also touching if their corners touch.

输入和输出应该是这样的:(k:小方块的大小，n:大方块的大小，m:小方块的数量)

The input and output should be like this :(k : size of small square,n : size of big square, m: number of small squares)

>func(k,n,m,O).

>func(1,3,2,O).
O =[1-1,1-3]; 
O =[1-1,2-3]; 
O =[1-1,3-1]; 
O =[1-1,3-2]; 
O =[1-1,3-3]; 
O =[1-2,3-1]; 
O =[1-2,3-2]; 
O =[1-2,3-3];
O =[1-3,2-1];
O =[1-3,3-1]; 
O =[1-3,3-2]; 
O =[1-3,3-3];
O =[2-1,2-3];
O =[2-1,3-3];
O =[2-3,3-1];
O =[3-1,3-3];
No.

推荐答案

我发布了一个解决方案，以生成和测试风格展示了可能的 Prolog 编码.您可以在某些位置放置适当的算术，以完成您的作业.

I post a solution showing a possible Prolog coding, in style generate and test. There is some slot where you'll place appropriate arithmetic, just to complete your assignment.

%%  placing

place_squares(Big, Small, Squares) :-
    place_not_overlapping(Big, Small, [], Squares).

place_not_overlapping(Big, Small, SoFar, Squares) :-
    available_position(Big, Small, Position),
    \+ overlapping(Small, Position, SoFar),
    place_not_overlapping(Big, Small, [Position|SoFar], Squares).
place_not_overlapping(_Big, _Small, Squares, Sorted) :-
    sort(Squares, Sorted).

overlapping(Size, R*C, Squares) :-
    member(X*Y, Squares),
    ...  % write conditions here

available_position(Big, Small, Row*Col) :-
    Range is Big - Small + 1,
    between(1, Range, Row),
    between(1, Range, Col).

放置后即可轻松展示

%%  drawing

draw_squares(Big, Small, Squares) :-
    forall(between(1, Big, Row),
           (forall(between(1, Big, Col),
               draw_point(Row*Col, Small, Squares)),
        nl
           )).
draw_point(Point, Small, Squares) :-
    (   nth1(I, Squares, Square),
        contained(Point, Square, Small)
    ) -> write(I) ; write('-').

contained(R*C, A*B, Size) :-
    ... % place arithmetic here

具有要求尺寸和绘图的结果

the result with requested dimensions, and drawing

?- place_squares(5,2,Q),draw_squares(5,2,Q).
1122-
1122-
3344-
3344-
-----
Q = [1*1, 1*3, 3*1, 3*3] ;
1122-
1122-
33-44
33-44
-----
Q = [1*1, 1*3, 3*1, 3*4] ;
1122-
1122-
33---
3344-
--44-
Q = [1*1, 1*3, 3*1, 4*3] .
...

place_squares/3 输出已排序，以方便显示，也可用于消除对称性，并计算所有解决方案:

the place_squares/3 output is sorted, to ease displaying, and could as well be used to get rid of symmetry, and get a count of all solutions:

9 ?- setof(Q, place_squares(5,2,Q), L), length(L, N).
L = [[], [1*1], [1*1, 1*3], [1*1, 1*3, 3*1], [1*1, 1*3, 3*1, ... * ...], [1*1, 1*3, ... * ...|...], [1*1, ... * ...|...], [... * ...|...], [...|...]|...],
N = 314.

您可以注意到这接受具有备用"空间的板.您可以过滤掉此类不完整的解决方案，以完成您的任务.

You can note that this accepts boards with 'spare' space. You could filter out such incomplete solutions, to complete your task.

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