从终端运行脚本时出现 ModuleNotFoundError [英] ModuleNotFoundError when running script from Terminal

问题描述

我有以下文件夹结构:

• 应用
  • __init__.py
  • utils
    • __init__.py
    • transform.py
    • __init__.py
    • fish.py

    在fish.py中，我按如下方式导入transform:import utils.transform.

    In fish.py I'm importing transform as following: import utils.transform.

    当我从 Pycharm 运行 fish.py 时，它运行得非常好.但是，当我从终端运行 fish.py 时，出现错误 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'utils'.

    When I'm running fish.py from Pycharm, it works perfectly fine. However when I am running fish.py from the Terminal, I am getting error ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'utils'.

    我在终端中使用的命令:来自应用程序文件夹 python products/fish.py.

    Command I use in Terminal: from app folder python products/fish.py.

    我已经研究了此处建议的解决方案:从不同文件夹导入文件，将应用程序文件夹的路径添加到 sys.path 帮助中.但是我想知道是否还有其他方法可以在不向 fish.py 中添加两行代码的情况下使其工作.因为我/products目录下有很多脚本，不想每条都加两行代码.

    I've already looked into the solutions suggested here: Importing files from different folder, adding a path to the application folder into the sys.path helps. However I am wondering if there is any other way of making it work without adding two lines of code into the fish.py. It's because I have many scripts in the /products directory, and do not want to add 2 lines of code into each of them.

    我查看了一些开源项目，并且看到了许多从并行文件夹导入模块而不向 sys.path 添加任何内容的示例，例如这里:https://github.com/jakubroztocil/httpie/blob/master/httpie/plugins/builtin.py#L5

    I looked into some open source projects, and I saw many examples of importing modules from a parallel folder without adding anything into sys.path, e.g. here: https://github.com/jakubroztocil/httpie/blob/master/httpie/plugins/builtin.py#L5

    如何让它以同样的方式适用于我的项目?

    How to make it work for my project in the same way?

    推荐答案

    您可能想要运行 python -m products.fish.它和 python products/fish.py 的区别在于前者大致相当于在 shell 中做 import products.fish(但带有 __name__code> 设置为 __main__)，而后者不知道它在包层次结构中的位置.

    You probably want to run python -m products.fish. The difference between that and python products/fish.py is that the former is roughly equivalent to doing import products.fish in the shell (but with __name__ set to __main__), while the latter does not have awareness of its place in a package hierarchy.

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