pygame 让球相互弹开 [英] pygame Get the balls to bounce off each other
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问题描述
我试图让球相互弹开.我尝试使用 reflect() 方法来做到这一点，但由于某种原因它不起作用.为了检测球，我使用了groupcollide，因为我想不出更好的方法，也许这是错误的?
导入pygame随机导入类球(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, startpos, velocity, startdir):super().__init__()self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(startpos)self.velocity = 速度self.dir = pygame.math.Vector2(startdir).normalize()self.image = pygame.image.load("small_ball.png").convert_alpha()self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)))定义反射(自我，NV):self.dir = self.dir.reflect(pygame.math.Vector2(NV))定义更新(自我):self.pos += self.dir * 10self.rect.center = round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)如果 self.rect.left <= 0:self.reflect((1, 0))如果 self.rect.right >= 700:self.reflect((-1, 0))如果 self.rect.top <= 0:self.reflect((0, 1))如果 self.rect.bottom >= 700:self.reflect((0, -1))pygame.init()窗口 = pygame.display.set_mode((700, 700))pygame.display.set_caption('无名')时钟 = pygame.time.Clock()all_balls = pygame.sprite.Group()开始，速度，方向 = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())ball_1 = 球(开始，速度，方向)开始，速度，方向 = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())ball_2 = 球(开始，速度，方向)all_balls.add(ball_1, ball_2)运行 = 真运行时:时钟滴答(60)对于 pygame.event.get() 中的事件:如果 event.type == pygame.QUIT:运行 = 错误all_balls.update()hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(all_balls, all_balls, False, False)对于 _, hits.items() 中的 hit_sprites:如果 len(hit_sprites) >1:sprite_1 = hit_sprites[0]sprite_2 = hit_sprites[1]sprite_1.reflect((0, 1)) # 不起作用打印(命中！")window.fill(0)pygame.draw.rect(window, (255, 0, 0), (0, 0, 700, 700), 1)all_balls.draw(窗口)pygame.display.flip() 解决方案
通过球精灵定义一个圆并使用答案中的算法
导入pygame随机导入类球(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, startpos, velocity, startdir):super().__init__()self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(startpos)self.velocity = 速度self.dir = pygame.math.Vector2(startdir).normalize()self.image = pygame.image.load("small_ball.png").convert_alpha()self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)))定义反射(自我，NV):self.dir = self.dir.reflect(pygame.math.Vector2(NV))定义更新(自我):self.pos += self.dir * 10self.rect.center = round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)如果 self.rect.left <= 0:self.reflect((1, 0))self.rect.left = 0如果 self.rect.right >= 700:self.reflect((-1, 0))self.rect.right = 700如果 self.rect.top <= 0:self.reflect((0, 1))self.rect.top = 0如果 self.rect.bottom >= 700:self.reflect((0, -1))self.rect.bottom = 700pygame.init()窗口 = pygame.display.set_mode((700, 700))pygame.display.set_caption('无名')时钟 = pygame.time.Clock()all_balls = pygame.sprite.Group()开始，速度，方向 = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())ball_1 = 球(开始，速度，方向)开始，速度，方向 = (300, 300), 10, (random.random(), random.random())ball_2 = 球(开始，速度，方向)all_balls.add(ball_1, ball_2)定义反射球(球_1，球_2):v1 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_1.rect.center)v2 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_2.rect.center)r1 = ball_1.rect.width//2r2 = ball_2.rect.width//2d = v1.distance_to(v2)如果 d 0:ball_1.reflect(nv)ball_2.reflect(nv)运行 = 真运行时:时钟滴答(60)对于 pygame.event.get() 中的事件:如果 event.type == pygame.QUIT:运行 = 错误all_balls.update()ball_list = all_balls.sprites()对于 i, b1 在 enumerate(ball_list) 中:对于 ball_list[i+1:] 中的 b2:反射球(b1，b2)window.fill(0)pygame.draw.rect(window, (255, 0, 0), (0, 0, 700, 700), 1)all_balls.draw(窗口)pygame.display.flip() I'm trying to get the balls to bounce off each other. I tried to do it using the reflect() method, but it doesn't work for some reason.
To detect the balls, I used groupcollide, since I couldn't think of a better way, maybe this is wrong?
import pygame
import random
class Ball(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, startpos, velocity, startdir):
super().__init__()
self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(startpos)
self.velocity = velocity
self.dir = pygame.math.Vector2(startdir).normalize()
self.image = pygame.image.load("small_ball.png").convert_alpha()
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)))
def reflect(self, NV):
self.dir = self.dir.reflect(pygame.math.Vector2(NV))
def update(self):
self.pos += self.dir * 10
self.rect.center = round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)
if self.rect.left <= 0:
self.reflect((1, 0))
if self.rect.right >= 700:
self.reflect((-1, 0))
if self.rect.top <= 0:
self.reflect((0, 1))
if self.rect.bottom >= 700:
self.reflect((0, -1))
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((700, 700))
pygame.display.set_caption('noname')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
all_balls = pygame.sprite.Group()
start, velocity, direction = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_1 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
start, velocity, direction = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_2 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
all_balls.add(ball_1, ball_2)
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
all_balls.update()
hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(all_balls, all_balls, False, False)
for _, hit_sprites in hits.items():
if len(hit_sprites) > 1:
sprite_1 = hit_sprites[0]
sprite_2 = hit_sprites[1]
sprite_1.reflect((0, 1)) # not working
print("hit!")
window.fill(0)
pygame.draw.rect(window, (255, 0, 0), (0, 0, 700, 700), 1)
all_balls.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
解决方案
Define a circle by the ball Sprites and use the algorithm from the answer to Pygame how to let balls collide for a function, that can compute reflection of bouncing balls:
def reflectBalls(ball_1, ball_2):
v1 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_1.rect.center)
v2 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_2.rect.center)
r1 = ball_1.rect.width // 2
r2 = ball_2.rect.width // 2
if v1.distance_to(v2) < r1 + r2 - 2:
nv = v2 - v1
if nv.length() > 0:
ball_1.dir = ball_1.dir.reflect(nv)
ball_2.dir = ball_2.dir.reflect(nv)
Ensure that the balls have different initial positions:
start, velocity, direction = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_1 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
start, velocity, direction = (300, 300), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_2 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
Alternatively you can avoid that the balls are sticking together by improving the bounce algorithm. Only bounce the balls, if the next positions of the balls are closer then the current positions:
def reflectBalls(ball_1, ball_2):
v1 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_1.rect.center)
v2 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_2.rect.center)
r1 = ball_1.rect.width // 2
r2 = ball_2.rect.width // 2
d = v1.distance_to(v2)
if d < r1 + r2 - 2:
dnext = (v1 + ball_1.dir).distance_to(v2 + ball_2.dir)
nv = v2 - v1
if dnext < d and nv.length() > 0:
ball_1.dir = ball_1.dir.reflect(nv)
ball_2.dir = ball_2.dir.reflect(nv)
Test if each ball collides with any other ball:
ball_list = all_balls.sprites()
for i, b1 in enumerate(ball_list):
for b2 in ball_list[i+1:]:
reflectBalls(b1, b2)
Complete example:
import pygame
import random
class Ball(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, startpos, velocity, startdir):
super().__init__()
self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(startpos)
self.velocity = velocity
self.dir = pygame.math.Vector2(startdir).normalize()
self.image = pygame.image.load("small_ball.png").convert_alpha()
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = (round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)))
def reflect(self, NV):
self.dir = self.dir.reflect(pygame.math.Vector2(NV))
def update(self):
self.pos += self.dir * 10
self.rect.center = round(self.pos.x), round(self.pos.y)
if self.rect.left <= 0:
self.reflect((1, 0))
self.rect.left = 0
if self.rect.right >= 700:
self.reflect((-1, 0))
self.rect.right = 700
if self.rect.top <= 0:
self.reflect((0, 1))
self.rect.top = 0
if self.rect.bottom >= 700:
self.reflect((0, -1))
self.rect.bottom = 700
pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((700, 700))
pygame.display.set_caption('noname')
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
all_balls = pygame.sprite.Group()
start, velocity, direction = (200, 200), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_1 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
start, velocity, direction = (300, 300), 10, (random.random(), random.random())
ball_2 = Ball(start, velocity, direction)
all_balls.add(ball_1, ball_2)
def reflectBalls(ball_1, ball_2):
v1 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_1.rect.center)
v2 = pygame.math.Vector2(ball_2.rect.center)
r1 = ball_1.rect.width // 2
r2 = ball_2.rect.width // 2
d = v1.distance_to(v2)
if d < r1 + r2 - 2:
dnext = (v1 + ball_1.dir).distance_to(v2 + ball_2.dir)
nv = v2 - v1
if dnext < d and nv.length() > 0:
ball_1.reflect(nv)
ball_2.reflect(nv)
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(60)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
all_balls.update()
ball_list = all_balls.sprites()
for i, b1 in enumerate(ball_list):
for b2 in ball_list[i+1:]:
reflectBalls(b1, b2)
window.fill(0)
pygame.draw.rect(window, (255, 0, 0), (0, 0, 700, 700), 1)
all_balls.draw(window)
pygame.display.flip()
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