Python 3.5 使用 pyinstaller 生成的可执行文件创建 .rpm [英] Python 3.5 create .rpm with pyinstaller generated executable
问题描述
我有一个使用 pyinstaller 生成的构建.我需要创建 .rpm 包，它将可执行文件放入 /usr/bin/ 并创建一个将运行该可执行文件的 systemd 服务.
I've got a build generated with a pyinstaller.
I need to create .rpm package which will put the executable into the /usr/bin/ and create a systemd service which will run that executable.
我发现了这个https://docs.python.org/3/distutils/builtdist.html和 https://docs.python.org/2.0/dist/creating-rpms.html
然而它并没有给我一个完整的画面.
However it doesn't give me a full picture.
能做到吗?
Is it possible to make it?
我需要使用什么工具集?(基本上，如何制作它).
What toolset do i need to use? (Basically, how to make it).
如果可能 - 示例代码
If possible - sample code
推荐答案
首先，忘记 bdist_rpm.它用于 distutils/setuptools 项目，因此您需要一个 setup.py 脚本来调用 pyinstaller 下的hood 捆绑可执行文件，以某种方式重新定义 install_scripts 命令，以便能够打包二进制可执行文件，并处理 systemd 单元文件的打包.相反，编写一个规范文件，它是 rpm 的说明手册来构建和安装你的包.
First of all, forget about bdist_rpm. It's for a distutils/setuptools project, so you would need a setup.py script that invokes pyinstaller under the hood to bundle the executable, somehow redefines the install_scripts command to be able to package binary executables and also handles the packaging of the systemd unit files. Instead, write a spec file which is the instruction manual for rpm to build and install your package.
这是要使用的示例项目.
This is the example project to play with.
so-51640995
├── bacon.service
├── bacon.spec
├── bacon.timer
└── spam.py
spam.py
这里没有魔法 - 一旦调用就打印 eggs.将通过 pyinstaller 捆绑到一个名为 bacon 的二进制文件中.我没有将项目称为 spam 以避免歧义，因为 pyinstaller 还创建了一个带有 .spec 扩展名的文件，因此运行它不会覆盖 rpm 规范文件.
spam.py
No magic here - prints eggs once called. Will be bundled via pyinstaller to a binary named bacon. I didn't call the project spam to avoid ambiguity, because pyinstaller also creates a file with .spec extension, so that running it does not overwrite the rpm spec file.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
def eggs():
print('eggs!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
eggs()
bacon.service
调用二进制bacon的简单服务.
[Unit]
Description=Bacon emitting eggs
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/bacon
Restart=always
bacon.timer
每十秒调用一次bacon.
[Unit]
Description=Timer for bacon to emit eggs from time to time
[Timer]
OnUnitInactiveSec=10s
OnBootSec=10s
Unit=bacon.service
[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target
bacon.spec
包装说明.在 %build 部分，我们捆绑 spam.py，然后将捆绑的可执行文件 dist/spam 安装到 /usr/bin/bacon 连同 systemd 单元文件.
bacon.spec
The instruction for the package. In %build section, we bundle spam.py, then install the bundled executable dist/spam to /usr/bin/bacon along with the systemd unit files.
Name: bacon
Version: 1
Release: 1
Summary: bacon that shouts 'eggs!' from time to time
License: MIT
Requires: systemd
%description
bacon that shouts 'eggs!' from time to time
%build
pyinstaller --onefile %{_sourcedir}/spam.py
%install
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_bindir}
mkdir -p %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}
install -m 755 dist/spam %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/bacon
install -m 755 %{_sourcedir}/bacon.service %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}/bacon.service
install -m 755 %{_sourcedir}/bacon.timer %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}/bacon.timer
%files
%{_bindir}/bacon
%{_unitdir}/bacon.service
%{_unitdir}/bacon.timer
构建包
有很多教程可以深入解释如何构建 rpm 包，例如 Fedora 打包指南，所以只在这里列出最少的命令序列:
build the package
There are lots of tutorials out there that explain building rpm packages in-depth, for example Fedora Packaging Guidelines, so just listing the minimal sequence of commands here:
$ # install the bare minimum of required packages
$ sudo dnf install rpm-build rpm-devel rpmdevtools
$ # first-time setup of build dirs
$ rpmdev-setuptree
$ # copy the source files
$ cp * $HOME/rpmbuild/SOURCES/
$ # invoke the build
$ rpmbuild -ba bacon.spec
测试包
$ sudo rpm -ivp $HOME/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/bacon-1-1.x86_64.rpm编辑:如评论中所述，使用 -U 代替 -i.引用自 rpm mans:
Edit: as mentioned in the comments, use -U in favor of -i. Quote from the rpm mans:
rpm 升级命令的一般形式是
The general form of an rpm upgrade command is
rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
这会将当前安装的软件包升级或安装到较新的版本.这与安装相同，除了在安装新软件包后删除所有其他版本的软件包.
This upgrades or installs the package currently installed to a newer version. This is the same as install, except all other version(s) of the package are removed after the new package is installed.
所以用
$ sudo rpm -Uvp $HOME/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/bacon-1-1.x86_64.rpm
用于测试安装.
现在 bacon 应该可以从命令行使用了:
Now bacon should be available from command line:
$ bacon
eggs!
启动计时器:
$ sudo systemctl start bacon.timer
$ systemctl status bacon.timer
● bacon.timer - Timer for bacon to emit eggs from time to time
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bacon.timer; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (waiting) since Tue 2018-08-07 15:36:28 CEST; 29s ago
Trigger: Tue 2018-08-07 15:36:58 CEST; 979ms left
检查日志:
$ sudo journalctl -u bacon
-- Logs begin at Mon 2017-07-03 12:49:51 CEST, end at Tue 2018-08-07 15:37:02 CEST. --
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: Started Bacon emitting eggs.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX bacon[128222]: eggs!
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: bacon.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: Stopped Bacon emitting eggs.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: Started Bacon emitting eggs.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX bacon[128224]: eggs!
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: bacon.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: Stopped Bacon emitting eggs.
Aug 07 15:36:28 XXX systemd[1]: Started Bacon emitting eggs.
Aug 07 15:36:29 XXX bacon[128226]: eggs!
...
一旦确认一切正常，停止计时器并卸载bacon:
Once verified things work, stop the timer and uninstall bacon:
$ sudo systemctl stop bacon.timer
$ sudo rpm -e bacon
$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl reset-failed
这篇关于Python 3.5 使用 pyinstaller 生成的可执行文件创建 .rpm的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
