Python:从字符串名称调用函数 [英] Python: call a function from string name

问题描述

我有一个 str 对象，例如:menu = 'install'.我想从这个字符串运行安装方法.例如，当我调用 menu(some, arguments) 时，它会调用 install(some, arguments).有没有办法做到这一点?

I have a str object for example: menu = 'install'. I want to run install method from this string. For example when I call menu(some, arguments) it will call install(some, arguments). Is there any way to do that ?

推荐答案

如果是在一个类中，可以使用getattr:

If it's in a class, you can use getattr:

class MyClass(object):
    def install(self):
          print "In install"

method_name = 'install' # set by the command line options
my_cls = MyClass()

method = None
try:
    method = getattr(my_cls, method_name)
except AttributeError:
    raise NotImplementedError("Class `{}` does not implement `{}`".format(my_cls.__class__.__name__, method_name))

method()

或者如果它是一个函数:

or if it's a function:

def install():
       print "In install"

method_name = 'install' # set by the command line options
possibles = globals().copy()
possibles.update(locals())
method = possibles.get(method_name)
if not method:
     raise NotImplementedError("Method %s not implemented" % method_name)
method()

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