如何在 Python 中使用套接字作为上下文管理器? [英] How to use socket in Python as a context manager?

问题描述

这样做似乎很自然:

with socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s:

但是 Python 没有为套接字实现上下文管理器.我可以轻松地将它用作上下文管理器吗?如果可以，如何使用?

but Python doesn't implement a context manager for socket. Can I easily use it as a context manager, and if so, how?

推荐答案

socket 模块相当低级，让您几乎可以直接访问 C 库功能.

The socket module is fairly low-level, giving you almost direct access to the C library functionality.

您始终可以使用 contextlib.contextmanager装饰器来构建你自己的:

You can always use the contextlib.contextmanager decorator to build your own:

import socket
from contextlib import contextmanager

@contextmanager
def socketcontext(*args, **kw):
    s = socket.socket(*args, **kw)
    try:
        yield s
    finally:
        s.close()

with socketcontext(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s:

或使用 contextlib.closure() 达到同样的效果:

or use contextlib.closing() to achieve the same effect:

from contextlib import closing

with closing(socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)) as s:

但是 contextmanager() 装饰器让你有机会先用套接字做其他事情.

but the contextmanager() decorator gives you the opportunity to do other things with the socket first.

Python 3.x 确实使 socket() 成为上下文管理器，但文档没有更新以反映这一点 直到 2016 年进入 Python 3.5 周期.请参阅socket 类 在源代码中，添加了 __enter__ 和 __exit__ 方法.

Python 3.x does make socket() a context manager, but the documentation wasn't updated to reflect this until well into the Python 3.5 cycle, in 2016. See the socket class in the source code, which adds __enter__ and __exit__ methods.

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