如何设置多个单元测试共享的资源? [英] How to set up a resource shared by several unit tests?

问题描述

在 Python 中，如何为一整套单元测试设置一个设置(可能包含昂贵的函数调用)?

In Python, how can I have one setup (which may contain expensive function calls) for a whole set of unit tests?

示例:

import unittest

class Test1(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        print "expensive call"
    def test1(self):
        self.assertEqual(1, 1)
    def test2(self):
        self.assertEqual(1, 1)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

将运行两次昂贵的调用:

Will run the expensive call twice:

$ python unittest.py
expensive call
.expensive call
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s

OK

如何更改它以便只进行一次昂贵的调用并且所有测试都可以访问其资源?

How can I change it so the expensive call is made only once and its resources accessible to all tests?

更新:我使用的是 Python 2.6.

UPDATE: I'm using Python 2.6.

推荐答案

可以使用 setUpClass

You can use setUpClass

import unittest

class Test(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print 'setUpClass'
        cls.data = 123

    def test_one(self):
        print 'test_one'
        print self.data

    def test_two(self):
        print 'test_two'


if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

参见 http://docs.python.org/library/unittest.html#unittest.TestCase.setUpClass

更新:

对于 python 2.6，我想你可以使用类级属性:

For python 2.6, I suppose you could use class-level attributes:

class Test(unittest.TestCase):
     value = result_of_some_expensive_function()
     def test(self):
         print self.value

该函数将在您的测试定义后运行一次.

That function will run once when your test is defined.

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