运行带有实时输出到 Tkinter GUI 的进程 [英] Run process with realtime output to a Tkinter GUI
问题描述
我试图在 Tkinter python 中创建一个 GUI.我想将工具的输出显示到我的 Tkinter 界面.该工具在命令行中运行良好，但它是一个连续扫描器.有点像一个连续的 ping(我的意思是 Linux 中没有选项的 ping 命令).
I was trying to create a GUI in Tkinter python. I want to display the output of a tool to my Tkinter interface. The tool works great in command line but it is a continuous scanner. Somewhat like a continuous ping (I mean by ping command in Linux with no options).
现在的问题是，由于 ping 的输出永远不会完成，因此我无法在 Tkinter 中打印输出.它还使我的应用程序冻结.几秒钟后我也无法停止命令以显示输出.在 PHP 中使用实时输出运行进程我发现上面的链接对 php 很有帮助，但是如何在 python 中转换此代码:
Now the problem is since the output of ping is never complete, therefore I cannot print the output in Tkinter. It also makes my application go freeze. I also cannot stop the command after few seconds to display output. Run process with realtime output in PHP I found this above link helpful for php, but How can I convert this code in python:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/6144213/4931414
这是我想在 tkinter 框架上显示的一些示例代码
Here is some sample code that I want to display on tkinter frame
#!/usr....
import subprocess
x = subprocess.call(["ping", "127.0.0.1"])
print x
这在命令行上效果很好，但我没有在 tkinter 界面上获得输出.
This works great on command line but I am not getting output on tkinter interface.
推荐答案
首先，我必须承认我对模块subprocess 和 threading，但我尝试创建一个简单的控制台来接受您编写命令，其输出将显示在 Text 小部件.
First of all, I must admit that I am not so familiar with the module subprocess and threading, but I have tried to create a simple console that accepts you to write a command, whose output will be shown in a Text widget.
基本思想是有一个新的并行运行线程，当您单击按钮Execute 时，它会处理命令.我们不断遍历 stdout 行并将它们插入到 Text 小部件中.
The basic idea is to have a new running parallel thread that processes a command when you click the button Execute. We keep iterating through the lines of stdout and inserting them into the Text widget.
它似乎适用于任何命令，但我很确定存在一些问题和错误.如果你们更熟悉我上面引用的模块，发现我的代码有任何严重问题，或者有任何改进建议，我一定会听取你们的意见，以改进这个例子.
It seems to work for any command, but I am pretty sure that there are some problems and mistakes. If you guys more familiar with the modules I cited above see any serious problem with my code, or have any suggestions to improve it, I would definitely listen to you in order to improve this example.
现在，这是代码:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledText
import threading
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
class Console(tk.Frame):
"""Simple console that can execute bash commands"""
def __init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs)
self.text_options = {"state": "disabled",
"bg": "black",
"fg": "#08c614",
"insertbackground": "#08c614",
"selectbackground": "#f01c1c"}
self.text = ScrolledText(self, **self.text_options)
# It seems not to work when Text is disabled...
# self.text.bind("<<Modified>>", lambda: self.text.frame.see(tk.END))
self.text.pack(expand=True, fill="both")
# bash command, for example 'ping localhost' or 'pwd'
# that will be executed when "Execute" is pressed
self.command = ""
self.popen = None # will hold a reference to a Popen object
self.running = False # True if the process is running
self.bottom = tk.Frame(self)
self.prompt = tk.Label(self.bottom, text="Enter the command: ")
self.prompt.pack(side="left", fill="x")
self.entry = tk.Entry(self.bottom)
self.entry.bind("<Return>", self.start_thread)
self.entry.bind("<Command-a>", lambda e: self.entry.select_range(0, "end"))
self.entry.bind("<Command-c>", self.clear)
self.entry.focus()
self.entry.pack(side="left", fill="x", expand=True)
self.executer = tk.Button(self.bottom, text="Execute", command=self.start_thread)
self.executer.pack(side="left", padx=5, pady=2)
self.clearer = tk.Button(self.bottom, text="Clear", command=self.clear)
self.clearer.pack(side="left", padx=5, pady=2)
self.stopper = tk.Button(self.bottom, text="Stop", command=self.stop)
self.stopper.pack(side="left", padx=5, pady=2)
self.bottom.pack(side="bottom", fill="both")
def clear_text(self):
"""Clears the Text widget"""
self.text.config(state="normal")
self.text.delete(1.0, "end-1c")
self.text.config(state="disabled")
def clear_entry(self):
"""Clears the Entry command widget"""
self.entry.delete(0, "end")
def clear(self, event=None):
"""Does not stop an eventual running process,
but just clears the Text and Entry widgets."""
self.clear_entry()
self.clear_text()
def show(self, message):
"""Inserts message into the Text wiget"""
self.text.config(state="normal")
self.text.insert("end", message)
self.text.see("end")
self.text.config(state="disabled")
def start_thread(self, event=None):
"""Starts a new thread and calls process"""
self.stop()
self.running = True
self.command = self.entry.get()
# self.process is called by the Thread's run method
threading.Thread(target=self.process).start()
def process(self):
"""Runs in an infinite loop until self.running is False"""
while self.running:
self.execute()
def stop(self):
"""Stops an eventual running process"""
if self.popen:
try:
self.popen.kill()
except ProcessLookupError:
pass
self.running = False
def execute(self):
"""Keeps inserting line by line into self.text
the output of the execution of self.command"""
try:
# self.popen is a Popen object
self.popen = Popen(self.command.split(), stdout=PIPE, bufsize=1)
lines_iterator = iter(self.popen.stdout.readline, b"")
# poll() return None if the process has not terminated
# otherwise poll() returns the process's exit code
while self.popen.poll() is None:
for line in lines_iterator:
self.show(line.decode("utf-8"))
self.show("Process " + self.command + " terminated.\n\n")
except FileNotFoundError:
self.show("Unknown command: " + self.command + "\n\n")
except IndexError:
self.show("No command entered\n\n")
self.stop()
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Console")
Console(root).pack(expand=True, fill="both")
root.mainloop()
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