搜索单词，并使用 fileinput 在 Python 中的文件中替换包含该单词的整行 [英] Search the word, and replace the whole line containing the word in a file in Python using fileinput

问题描述

我想在文本文件中搜索特定单词.对于存在单词的每一行，我想用一个新文本完全改变该行.

I want to search a particular word in a text file. For each line,where the word is present, I want to completely change the line by a new text.

我想使用 python 的 fileinput 模块来实现这一点.有两个观察结果，我看到以下变化:-

I want to achieve this using fileinput module of python. There are two observation, I am seeing with following variations :-

代码片段 1 :-

text = "mov9 = "   # if any line contains this text, I want to modify the whole line.
new_text = "mov9 = Alice in Wonderland"
x = fileinput.input(files="C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\DeletedMovies.txt", inplace=1)
for line in x:
    if text in line:
        line = new_text
        print line,
x.close()

上面这段代码把文件的所有内容都抹掉了，写入了new_text，即文件内容只有

The above piece of code wipes out all the content of the file, and writes the new_text i.e. the file content is only

mov9 = 爱丽丝梦游仙境

mov9 = Alice in Wonderland

代码片段 2 :-

text = "mov9 = "   # if any line contains this text, I want to modify the whole line.
new_text = "mov9 = Alice in Wonderland"
x = fileinput.input(files="C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\DeletedMovies.txt", inplace=1)
for line in x:
    if text in line:
        line = line.replace(text, new_text)
        print line,
x.close()

上面这段代码，即使在找到text的地方添加了需要的行，即new_text，但并没有删除该行，而是保留了之前的数据.

The above piece of code, even though adds the needed line i.e. new_text where text is found, but doesn't deletes the line, but keeps the previous data also.

也就是说，如果该行更早:-

That is if the line was earlier :-

mov9 = Fast & Furios

运行上面的代码后，它变成了:-

after running the above piece of code it becomes :-

mov9 = Alice in WonderlandFast & Furios

文件的其他内容保持不变，不会像代码片段 1 中的代码那样被删除.

And other content of the files remain untouched, not deleted as in code in Code piece 1.

但我的目标是找到单词 mov9 =，无论它出现什么，我都想将整行替换为 mov9 = Alice in Wonderland.

But my goal is to find the word mov9 =, and whatever is present along with it, I want to replace the whole line as mov9 = Alice in Wonderland.

我怎样才能做到这一点?提前致谢....

How can I achieve that? Thanks in advance....

推荐答案

我意识到我错了，只是缩进了.在问题中提到的代码段 1 中，如果我从 if 的范围内带来打印线"，即如果我将其缩小，那么就解决了...

I realized that I was wrong by just an indentation. In the code piece 1 mentioned in the question, if I am bringing the 'print line,' from the scope of if i.e. if i outdent it, then this is solved...

由于这一行在 if 的范围内，因此只有这行 new_text 被写入文件，其他行没有被写入，因此文件只剩下 new_text.所以，代码片段应该如下:-

As this line was inside the scope of if, hence, only this new_text was being written to the file, and other lines were not being written, and hence the file was left with only the new_text. So, the code piece should be as follow :-

text = "mov9 = "   # if any line contains this text, I want to modify the whole line.
new_text = "mov9 = Alice in Wonderland"
x = fileinput.input(files="C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\DeletedMovies.txt", inplace=1)
for line in x:
    if text in line:
        line = new_text
    print line,
x.close()

另外，萨克森的罗尔夫 &Padraic Cunningham 有点相似.

Also, the second solution given by Rolf of Saxony & the first solution by Padraic Cunningham is somehow similar.

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