python字典中部分匹配键的最大值 [英] Max values for partial matching keys in python dictionary

问题描述

我有以下字典，其中键是月份，国家:ID"，值只是总数:

I have the following dictionary where the keys are 'month,country:ID' and values are just totals:

ID_dict = {'11,United Kingdom:14416': 129.22, '11,United Kingdom:17001': 357.6, 
'12,United States:14035': 90000.0, '12,United Kingdom:17850': 241.16,'12,United 
States:14099': 90000.0, '12,France:12583': 252.0, '12,United Kingdom:13047': 
215.13, '01,Germany:12662': 78.0, '01,Germany:12600': 14000}

实际的字典会比这本大得多.

The actual dictionary will be much larger than this one.

我试图返回包含最高总数的每个月份、国家/地区"的密钥.如果有平局，ID 将用逗号分隔.基于上述字典的示例输出:

I am trying to return the key for each 'month, country' that contains the highest total. If there is a tie the ID's would be separated by a comma. Example Output based on dictionary above:

'11,United Kingdom:17001'
'12,United Kingdom:17850'
'12,United States:14035, 14099'
'12,France:12583'
'01,Germany:12600'

我可以使用以下代码获取最高值的字符串:

I can get the strings of the highest values using the following code:

highest = max(ID_dict.values())
print([k for k, v in ID_dict.items() if v == highest])

但真的很难通过这一点.我曾尝试使用 re.match 和 re.search，但并没有取得太大进展.

But really struggling to get past this point. I was experimenting using re.match and re.search but was not getting very far with those.

推荐答案

以下代码创建了一个新字典，其中包含 'month,country' 键和 (value, IDnum) 列表作为值.然后对每个列表进行排序，并收集与最高值对应的所有 IDnum.

The following code creates a new dictionary with 'month,country' keys and lists of (value, IDnum) as the values. It then sorts each list, and collects all the IDnums that correspond to the highest value.

ID_dict = {
    '11,United Kingdom:14416': 129.22, '11,United Kingdom:17001': 357.6, 
    '12,United States:14035': 90000.0, '12,United Kingdom:17850': 241.16,
    '12,United States:14099': 90000.0, '12,France:12583': 252.0, 
    '12,United Kingdom:13047': 215.13, '01,Germany:12662': 78.0, 
    '01,Germany:12600': 14000
}

# Create a new dict with 'month,country' keys 
# and lists of (value, IDnum) as the values
new_data = {}
for key, val in ID_dict.items():
    newkey, idnum = key.split(':')
    new_data.setdefault(newkey, []).append((val, idnum))

# Sort the values for each 'month,country' key,
# and get the IDnums corresponding to the highest values
for key, val in new_data.items():
    val = sorted(val, reverse=True)
    highest = val[0][0]
    # Collect all IDnums that have the highest value
    ids = []
    for v, idnum in val:
        if v != highest:
            break
        ids.append(idnum)
    print(key + ':' + ', '.join(ids))

输出

11,United Kingdom:17001
12,United States:14099, 14035
12,United Kingdom:17850
12,France:12583
01,Germany:12600

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