使用 Python C API 两次调用 C 函数时出现分段错误 [英] Segmentation fault when calling C function with Python C API twice

问题描述

最近我想从 Fortran 调用 Python(参见 此处a>) 使用 C 包装器.下面我贴一个更简单的例子.该函数的第二次调用导致 pModule = PyImport_Import(pName) 处的分段错误.我发现问题出在 from scipy.optimize import newton 行 - 如果我评论它一切正常.任何想法如何解决它?

Recently I wanted to call Python from Fortran (see here) using a C wrapper. Below I post a simpler example. Second call of the function results in Segmentation fault at pModule = PyImport_Import(pName). I figured out that the problem is with the from scipy.optimize import newton line - if I comment it everything works fine. Any ideas how to fix it?

rootC.c

#include "rootC.h"
#include <Python.h>

void root_(double* A, double* B, double* t, double* x)
{
    PyObject *pName, *pModule, *pFunc;
    PyObject *pArgs, *pValue, *sys, *path;

    Py_Initialize();

    sys  = PyImport_ImportModule("sys");
    path = PyObject_GetAttrString(sys, "path");
    PyList_Append(path, PyString_FromString("."));

    pName = PyString_FromString("rootPY");
    pModule = PyImport_Import(pName);

    if (!pModule)
    {
        PyErr_Print();
        printf("ERROR in pModule\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "root");
    pArgs = PyTuple_New(3);
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, PyFloat_FromDouble((*A)));
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 1, PyFloat_FromDouble((*B)));
    PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 2, PyFloat_FromDouble((*t)));

    pValue = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);
    *x     = PyFloat_AsDouble(pValue);

    Py_Finalize();
}

rootC.h

#ifndef ROOT_H_
#define ROOT_H_

void root_(double*, double*, double*, double*);

#endif

rootPY.py

from mpmath import polylog, exp
from scipy.optimize import newton

def root(A,B,t):   
    return 1

ma​​in.c

#include "rootC.h"
#include <stdio.h>

int main() 
{
    double A = 0.4, B = 0.3, t = 0.1, x = 0.0;

    root_(&A,&B,&t,&x);
    printf("x = %.15f\n", x);

    root_(&A,&B,&t,&x);
    printf("x = %.15f\n", x);

    return 0;
}

Makefile

CC = gcc
FC = gfortran
CFLAGS = -I/usr/include/python2.7
LFLAGS = -L/usr/local/lib -lpython2.7 -lm

.PHONY: all clean

all: main

main: main.o rootC.o
    $(CC) $^ -o $@ $(LFLAGS)

main.o: main.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

rootC.o: rootC.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@

clean:
    rm -f *.o

推荐答案

你也可以这样做:

#include "rootC.h"
#include <Python.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void  Initialize ()
{ 
    Py_Initialize();
}

void Finalize ()
{
    Py_Finalize();
}

void root_(double* A, double* B, double* t, double* x)
{
    PyObject *pName, *pModule, *pFunc;
    PyObject *pArgs, *pValue, *sys, *path;
    static int i;

    if (i == 0)
    {   
        ++i;
        Initialize();
        atexit(Finalize);
    }

    ....
}

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