组织一个大型python脚本 [英] Organizing a large python script

问题描述

我一直在研究一个通用的实用程序脚本，现在它基本上只接受用户输入来执行一些任务，比如打开一个程序.在这个程序中，我将一个名称命令"定义为一个 raw_input，然后使用 if 语句来检查命令列表(下面的小例子).

I've been working on a general utility script for a while now that basically just accepts user input to preform some task like opening a program. In this program, I define a name "command" as a raw_input and then use if statements to check the list for a command (small example below).

不断使用 if 语句会使程序运行缓慢，所以我想知道是否有更好的方法，例如命令表?我对编程还很陌生，所以不确定如何实现这一点.

Constantly using if statements is making the program run slowly and so I'm wondering if there is a better way such as maybe a table of commands? I'm pretty new to programming so not sure how to accomplish this.

import os
command = raw_input('What would you like to open:')

if 'skype' in command:
    os.chdir('C:\Program Files (x86)\Skype\Phone')
    os.startfile('Skype.exe')

推荐答案

您可以将命令保存在带有元组的字典中，并执行类似的操作来存储命令.

You can keep the commands in a dictionary with a tuple, and do something like this to store the commands.

command = {}
command['skype'] = 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Skype\Phone', 'Skype.exe'
command['explorer'] = 'C:\Windows\', 'Explorer.exe'

然后，您可以执行以下操作以根据用户输入执行正确的命令.

You could then do the following to execute the correct command based on the user input.

if raw_input.lower().strip() in command: # Check to see if input is defined in the dictionary.
   os.chdir(command[raw_input][0]) # Gets Tuple item 0 (e.g. C:\Program Files.....)
   os.startfile(command[myIraw_inputput][1]) # Gets Tuple item 1 (e.g. Skype.exe)

您可以找到有关 Dictionaries 和 Tuples 的更多信息 这里.

You can find more information on Dictionaries and Tuples here.

如果你需要允许多个命令，你可以用空格和将命令拆分成一个数组.

In case you need to allow multiple commands, you can separate them by a space and split the commands into an array.

for input in raw_input.split():
    if input.lower().strip() in command: # Check to see if input is defined in the dictionary.
       os.chdir(command[input][0]) # Gets Tuple item 0 (e.g. C:\Program Files.....)
       os.startfile(command[input][4]) # Gets Tuple item 1 (e.g. Skype.exe)

这将允许您发出诸如 skype explorer 之类的命令，但请记住，没有拼写错误的余地，因此它们需要完全匹配，仅用空格分隔.例如，您可以编写 explorer，但不能编写 explorer!.

This would allow you to issue commands like skype explorer, but keep in mind that there are no room for typos, so they need to be an exact match, separated with nothing but white-spaces. As an example you could write explorer, but not explorer!.

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